Nutrition Research最新文献

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David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫-克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00147-7

引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members 编辑部和董事会成员

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00146-5

引用次数: 0

Absorption, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective impacts of a novel fasting mimetic containing spermidine, nicotinamide, palmitoylethanolamide, and oleoylethanolamide: A pilot dose-escalation study in healthy young adult men 一种含有亚精胺、烟酰胺、棕榈酰乙醇酰胺和油酰乙醇酰胺的新型空腹模拟物的吸收、抗炎、抗氧化和心脏保护作用：一项针对健康年轻成年男性的试验性剂量递增研究。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.006

Christopher H. Rhodes , Brian V. Hong , Xinyu Tang , Cheng-Yu Weng , Jea Woo Kang , Joanne K. Agus , Carlito B. Lebrilla , Angela M. Zivkovic

This pilot dose-escalation study evaluated the absorption and metabolism of a novel fasting mimetic formulation containing spermidine, nicotinamide, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) taken as oral supplements in young adults. Five healthy men consumed a standardized breakfast, followed by control (wheat flour) or low, medium, or high doses of supplements containing spermidine, nicotinamide, PEA, and OEA 2 hours later. Blood was drawn at 0, 1, 2, and 4 hours after the supplement (2, 3, 4, and 6 hours postprandial). Plasma concentrations of spermidine, 1-methylnicotinamide, PEA and OEA were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha and production of reactive oxygen species by stimulated macrophages incubated with plasma, and cholesterol efflux capacity of plasma were analyzed. Plasma 1-methylnicotinamide, PEA, and OEA concentrations increased after supplement intake (P < .05). Spermidine concentrations decreased in the control arm (P < .05) but not the supplement arms. Net incremental area under the curve for tumor necrosis factor alpha and reactive oxygen species in stimulated macrophages decreased when incubated with plasma following supplement intake (P < .05). Intake of the combined supplements showed they were bioavailable and increased in plasma in a dose-dependent manner and provide preliminary data showing enhanced plasma anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions.

This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05017428).

这项剂量递增试验研究评估了年轻成年人口服含有亚精胺、烟酰胺、棕榈油醇酰胺（PEA）和油醇酰胺（OEA）的新型空腹模拟制剂的吸收和代谢情况。五名健康男性先吃一顿标准化早餐，2 小时后再吃对照组（小麦粉）或低、中、高剂量的含亚精胺、烟酰胺、PEA 和 OEA 的补充剂。在服用补充剂后的 0、1、2 和 4 小时（餐后 2、3、4 和 6 小时）抽取血液。采用液相色谱-质谱法对血浆中的亚精胺、1-甲基烟酰胺、PEA 和 OEA 的浓度进行定量。分析了与血浆一起培养的受刺激巨噬细胞分泌的肿瘤坏死因子α和产生的活性氧，以及血浆的胆固醇外流能力。摄入补充剂后，血浆中 1-甲基烟酰胺、PEA 和 OEA 的浓度增加（P < .05）。对照组的精胺浓度下降（P < .05），但补充剂组没有下降。摄入补充剂后，与血浆一起培养时，受刺激巨噬细胞中肿瘤坏死因子α和活性氧的曲线下净增量面积下降（P < .05）。综合营养补充剂的摄入量表明，它们具有生物可利用性，并以剂量依赖的方式在血浆中增加，提供的初步数据显示，血浆抗炎和抗氧化功能增强。该试验已在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册（NCT05017428）。

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引用次数: 0

Healthful plant-based diets are negatively associated with the rate of biological aging: A national study based on US adults 健康的植物性饮食与生物老化率呈负相关：一项基于美国成年人的全国性研究。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.005

Jia Wang , Chen Yang , Xue Dong , Yining Huang , Yuchen Cong , Lei Wang , Zhenkang Qiu , Bin Cao

Plant-based diets are recognized for their health benefits. However, evidence on the association between plant-based diet quality and aging in the US population is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between different plant-based diet indices, phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), and biological age acceleration (BioAgeAccel). We hypothesized that healthful plant-based diets would negatively affect PhenoAgeAccel and BioAgeAccel in US adults. The cross-sectional analysis included 22,363 participants, and information was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. The quality of plant-based diet was assessed using 3 indices: overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI). Phenotypic age (PA) and biological age (BA) was calculated based on a linear combination of chronological age and 12 multi-system clinical chemistry biomarkers in accordance with the previously established method. PhenoAgeAccel and BioAgeAccel are the residuals of the PA and BA. Weighted linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between PDI, hPDI and uPDI, and PhenoAgeAccel and BioAgeAccel. After adjusting for all covariates, we observed that a 10-unit higher PDI score was associated with 0.80 years lower PhenoAgeAccel (β: -0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.94, -0.67), and 1.91 years lower BioAgeAccel (β: -1.91, 95% CI: -2.42,-1.40). A 10-unit higher hPDI score was associated with 0.83 years lower PhenoAgeAccel (β: -0.83, 95% CI: -0.96, -0.70), and 1.76 years lower BioAgeAccel (β: -1.76, 95% CI: -2.18, -1.34). Conversely, a 10-unit higher uPDI score was associated with 0.77 years higher PhenoAgeAccel (β: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.89) and 1.21 years higher BioAgeAccel (β: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.80, 1.62). These findings suggest that US adults may be able to slow the aging process by increasing adherence to a healthy plant-based diet.

植物性饮食对健康的益处是公认的。然而，有关美国人口中植物性饮食质量与衰老之间关系的证据却很有限。本研究旨在调查不同植物性饮食指数、表型年龄加速度（PhenoAgeAccel）和生物年龄加速度（BioAgeAccel）之间的关系。我们假设，健康的植物性饮食会对美国成年人的表型年龄加速（PhenoAgeAccel）和生物年龄加速（BioAgeAccel）产生负面影响。横断面分析包括 22,363 名参与者，信息来自美国国家健康与营养调查数据库。植物性膳食的质量通过三个指数进行评估：植物性膳食总指数（PDI）、健康植物性膳食指数（hPDI）和不健康植物性膳食指数（uPDI）。表型年龄（PA）和生物年龄（BA）是根据先前确定的方法，根据年代年龄和 12 个多系统临床化学生物标志物的线性组合计算得出的。PhenoAgeAccel 和 BioAgeAccel 是 PA 和 BA 的残差。加权线性回归分析用于评估 PDI、hPDI 和 uPDI 与 PhenoAgeAccel 和 BioAgeAccel 之间的关系。在对所有协变量进行调整后，我们发现 PDI 分数每增加 10 个单位，PhenoAgeAccel 就会降低 0.80 年（β：-0.80，95% 置信区间 [CI]：-0.94，-0.67），BioAgeAccel 就会降低 1.91 年（β：-1.91，95% 置信区间 [CI]：-2.42，-1.40）。hPDI 分数高 10 个单位与 PhenoAgeAccel 降低 0.83 年（β：-0.83，95% CI：-0.96，-0.70）和 BioAgeAccel 降低 1.76 年（β：-1.76，95% CI：-2.18，-1.34）有关。相反，uPDI 分数高 10 个单位与 PhenoAgeAccel 高 0.77 年（β：0.77，95% CI：0.66，0.89）和 BioAgeAccel 高 1.21 年（β：1.21，95% CI：0.80，1.62）有关。这些研究结果表明，美国成年人可以通过更多地坚持健康的植物性饮食来延缓衰老。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary Inflammatory Index is associated with periodontitis risk in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus 膳食炎症指数与妊娠糖尿病孕妇患牙周炎的风险有关。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.001

Ru-Lin Liu , Xiao-Qian Chen , Jing Liu , Qing-Xiang Zheng , Xiu-Min Jiang , Jia-Ning Li , Ling Huang , Yu Zhu

Recent studies suggest a link between periodontitis and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). We hypothesize that a more proinflammatory diet is associated with periodontitis risk in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to explore the association between DII scores and periodontitis risk in GDM women. In this cross-sectional study, 302 eligible GDM women from a Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled between February and July 2023. DII scores were calculated based on dietary intake data collected using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Periodontal health was assessed through periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs) for periodontitis risk across DII tertiles. Our study found that the prevalence of periodontitis across the DII tertiles 1, 2, and 3 was 34.7%, 56.4%, and 54.0%, respectively. Comparing the highest DII tertile (tertile 3) with the lowest (tertile 1), a significant association was found between higher DII scores and periodontitis risk (univariate OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.90; P = .006), which remained significant in the fully adjusted model (adjusted OR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.21, 4.37; P = .011). In conclusion, elevated DII scores are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis, underscoring the crucial role of a proinflammatory diet in periodontitis progression. Future well-designed experimental studies are needed to verify if tailored dietary strategies can effectively reduce periodontitis risk among pregnant women with GDM.

最近的研究表明，牙周炎与膳食炎症指数（DII）之间存在联系。我们假设，妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）孕妇的膳食中含有更多的促炎症饮食与牙周炎风险有关。本研究旨在探讨妊娠糖尿病孕妇的 DII 评分与牙周炎风险之间的关系。在这项横断面研究中，302 名符合条件的 GDM 孕妇于 2023 年 2 月至 7 月期间在一家妇幼保健医院进行了登记。DII 评分是根据使用有效的半定量食物频率问卷收集的饮食摄入数据计算得出的。牙周健康通过牙周参数（包括探诊出血、探诊深度和临床附着丧失）进行评估。我们采用逻辑回归模型来评估不同 DII 百分位数的牙周炎风险几率比 (OR)。我们的研究发现，DII 1、2 和 3 分层的牙周炎患病率分别为 34.7%、56.4% 和 54.0%。将最高 DII 三分层（三分层 3）与最低 DII 三分层（三分层 1）进行比较，发现较高的 DII 分数与牙周炎风险之间存在显著关联（单变量 OR：2.21；95% CI：1.25，3.90；P = .006），在完全调整模型中仍然显著（调整 OR：2.30；95% CI：1.21，4.37；P = .011）。总之，DII 评分的升高与牙周炎风险的增加有关，强调了促炎性饮食在牙周炎进展中的关键作用。未来需要进行设计良好的实验研究，以验证量身定制的饮食策略能否有效降低 GDM 孕妇患牙周炎的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Altered intestinal microbiota induced by high-fat diets affect cognition differently in mice 高脂饮食引起的肠道微生物群变化对小鼠认知能力的影响各不相同

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.019

Yinan Hua , Cui Zhou , Rong Fan , Sara Benazzouz , Jingyi Shen , Rong Xiao , Weiwei Ma

The role of the gut microbiota in the association between high-fat diet and cognition is not clear. We hypothesized that a high-fat diet may influence cognition by altering the intestinal microbiota. Fecal microbiota isolated from male C57BL/6J mice feeding on various high-fat diets and a control basic diet were transplanted to antibiotic-treated recipient mice. The measurement of weight and plasma lipids, novel object recognition test, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of feces, and hematoxylin-eosin staining of the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 and cornu ammonis 3 areas were performed for all mice. Compared with those in the control and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) groups, donor obese mice fed with diets high in long-chain saturated fatty acids, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs), and trans fatty acids exhibited significant cognitive impairment (all P < .05). There were fewer neurons in the hippocampal area in the n-6 PUFA group than in the n-3 PUFA group (P < .05). Similar effect on cognition and neurons in hippocampal area in corresponding recipient mice were revealed after fecal microbiota transplantation. In addition, the composition of intestinal microbiota differed among recipient mice after fecal microbiota transplantation from donor mice. According to these results, it was concluded that diets rich in long-chain saturated fatty acids, n-6 PUFAs, and trans fatty acids may lead to cognitive impairment by damaging the structure of the hippocampus through influencing the intestinal microbiota in mice, whereas a diet high in n-3 PUFAs may exhibit a beneficial effect.

肠道微生物群在高脂饮食与认知之间的关系中的作用尚不清楚。我们假设高脂饮食可能会通过改变肠道微生物群来影响认知。我们将从摄入各种高脂饮食和对照基本饮食的雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠体内分离出的粪便微生物群移植到经过抗生素处理的受体小鼠体内。对所有小鼠进行了体重和血浆脂质测量、新物体识别测试、粪便 16S rRNA 基因测序以及海马粟粒 1 区和粟粒 3 区苏木精-伊红染色。与对照组和 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）组相比，以高长链饱和脂肪酸、n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-6 PUFA）和反式脂肪酸饮食喂养的供体肥胖小鼠表现出明显的认知障碍（所有 P 均为 0.05）。与 n-3 PUFA 组相比，n-6 PUFA 组海马区的神经元数量更少（P < .05）。粪便微生物群移植对相应受体小鼠的认知能力和海马区神经元也有类似影响。此外，从供体小鼠移植粪便微生物群后，受体小鼠肠道微生物群的组成也有所不同。根据这些结果，可以得出结论：富含长链饱和脂肪酸、n-6 PUFAs 和反式脂肪酸的饮食可能会通过影响小鼠的肠道微生物群来破坏海马的结构，从而导致认知障碍，而富含 n-3 PUFAs 的饮食则可能会产生有益的影响。

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引用次数: 0

David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research 大卫-克里切夫斯基营养研究研究生奖

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00137-4

引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members 编辑部和董事会成员

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00136-2

引用次数: 0

Increasing particle size of oat flours decreases postprandial glycemia and increases appetite in healthy adults 增大燕麦粉的粒度可降低健康成年人的餐后血糖值并增加食欲

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.006

Corrina Zi Chen Zhou , G. Harvey Anderson , Wenxuan Fan , Shirley Vien , Yongfeng Ai , Mehmet Tulbek , Hrvoje Fabek

Consumption of oats is associated with lowered risks of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, many oat-based products (e.g., breakfast cereals) use finely milled flours but are associated with health claims based on oats of larger particle sizes. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that increasing oat flour particle size will result in lower postprandial glycemia and appetite. Using a randomized-controlled, crossover design, 20 participants (10 males, 10 females; age: 25.3 ± 1.0 years; body mass index: 23.2 ± 0.6 kg/m²) consumed a serving of porridge made using 40 g of coarse (675.7 ± 19.6 µm), whole (443.3 ± 36.2 µm), fine (96.0 ± 2.1 µm), or a commercial (375.9 ± 14.8 µm) oat flour unmatched in available carbohydrate, protein, and dietary fiber content. After a 12-hour overnight fast, blood glucose, insulin, and appetite were measured at 15 to 30-minute intervals over 120 minutes posttreatment consumption. Coarse and whole flours led to lower blood glucose between 30 and 60 minutes (P < .02). Blood glucose area under the curve (AUC) was lower after coarse than fine and commercial oat flours (P < 0.03), and after whole than fine oat flour (P < .002). Both coarse and whole oat flours resulted in lower insulin AUC than finer flours (P < .05). Appetite AUC was lower after the commercial than coarse flour (P < .007). Controlling milling to produce coarser oat flour to add to common foods may have health benefits. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05291351).

食用燕麦可降低罹患 2 型糖尿病和肥胖症的风险。然而，许多燕麦类产品（如早餐谷物食品）使用的是精细研磨的面粉，但却与基于较大粒径燕麦的健康声明有关。本研究的目的是验证增加燕麦粉颗粒大小会降低餐后血糖和食欲的假设。采用随机对照交叉设计，20 名参与者（男性 10 人，女性 10 人；年龄：25.3 ± 1.0 岁；体重指数：23.2 ± 0.6 千克）参加了这项研究：20 名参与者（10 名男性，10 名女性；年龄：25.3 ± 1.0 岁；体重指数：23.2 ± 0.6 kg/m2）食用了一份由 40 克粗燕麦粉（675.7 ± 19.6 µm）、全燕麦粉（443.3 ± 36.2 µm）、细燕麦粉（96.0 ± 2.1 µm）或商用燕麦粉（375.9 ± 14.8 µm）制成的粥。隔夜禁食 12 小时后，在处理后 120 分钟内，每隔 15 至 30 分钟测量一次血糖、胰岛素和食欲。粗面粉和全面粉可使 30 至 60 分钟内的血糖降低（P < .02）。食用粗燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（AUC）低于食用细燕麦粉和商用燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（P < 0.03），食用全燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（AUC）低于食用细燕麦粉后的血糖曲线下面积（P < .002）。粗制燕麦粉和全脂燕麦粉的胰岛素 AUC 均低于细制燕麦粉（P < .05）。食用商品面粉后，食欲 AUC 低于粗面粉（P < .007）。控制研磨，生产出更粗的燕麦粉添加到普通食品中可能对健康有益。本研究已在 ClinicalTrials.gov 注册（NCT05291351）。

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引用次数: 0

Gut microbiota and inflammation analyses reveal the protective effect of medium-chain triglycerides combined with docosahexaenoic acid on cognitive function in APP/PS1 and SAMP8 mice 肠道微生物群和炎症分析揭示了中链甘油三酯与二十二碳六烯酸结合对APP/PS1和SAMP8小鼠认知功能的保护作用。

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.015

Zehao Wang , Yue Sun , Dalong Zhang , Yue Wang , Dezheng Zhou , Wen Li , Jing Yan , Yongjie Chen , Suhui Luo , Zhiyong Qian , Zhenshu Li , Guowei Huang

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) positively affect cognitive function. However, it remains unclear whether the improvement is related to the alterations of gut microbiota and inflammation and the impact of the combined intervention. In this study, we hypothesized that the supplementation of MCTs combined with DHA could modulate gut microbiota, inflammation, and improve cognitive function in APPswe/PS1De9 model mice and senescence-accelerated mouse-prone-8, which are two different mouse models used in neurodegeneration research. The mice were divided into four groups: Control group, MCTs group, DHA group, and MCTs + DHA group. The study assessed cognitive function, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. The results showed that supplementation of MCTs + DHA improved spatial learning ability, memory capacity, exploratory behavior; decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria; reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes; decreased the concentrations of serum interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, while increasing the concentration of IL-10. Furthermore, supplementation with MCTs + DHA exhibited significantly superior effects compared to MCTs or DHA alone in reducing inflammation, optimizing gut microbiota composition, and improving cognitive function. In conclusion, supplementation with MCTs + DHA improved cognition function, accompanied with favorable alterations in gut microbiota and inflammation in APPswe/PS1De9 and senescence-accelerated mouse-prone-8 mice.

越来越多的证据表明，中链甘油三酯（MCTs）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）对认知功能有积极影响。然而，目前仍不清楚这种改善是否与肠道微生物群和炎症的改变有关，也不清楚联合干预的影响。在这项研究中，我们假设补充 MCTs 和 DHA 可以调节肠道微生物群、炎症，并改善 APPswe/PS1De9 模型小鼠和衰老加速小鼠-prone-8（这是两种用于神经退行性病变研究的不同小鼠模型）的认知功能。小鼠被分为四组：对照组、MCTs 组、DHA 组和 MCTs + DHA 组。研究评估了认知功能、炎症细胞因子和肠道微生物群组成。结果显示，补充 MCTs + DHA 改善了空间学习能力、记忆能力和探索行为；降低了变形菌的相对丰度；降低了固醇菌/类杆菌的比例；降低了血清白细胞介素（IL）-2、IL-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、肿瘤坏死因子-α的浓度，同时增加了 IL-10 的浓度。此外，补充 MCTs + DHA 与单独补充 MCTs 或 DHA 相比，在减少炎症、优化肠道微生物群组成和改善认知功能方面具有明显优势。总之，补充 MCTs + DHA 改善了 APPswe/PS1De9 和衰老加速小鼠-prone-8 小鼠的认知功能，同时肠道微生物群和炎症也发生了有利的改变。

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