Nutrition Research最新文献

High salt diet causally increases metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk: A bidirectional mendelian randomization study

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.004

Qi Liu , Yuyang Liu , Hui Feng , Ning Zhang , Zhanyu Yang

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent liver disorder associated with metabolic and lifestyle factors, affecting approximately 25% of the global population. Although high salt intake has been implicated as a potential dietary risk factor, its causal relationship with MASLD remains uncertain. We hypothesized that genetic liability to higher salt intake causally increases the risk of MASLD. To address this, bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the causal relationship between “salt added to food” and MASLD. Genetic variants were used as instrumental variables across large-scale genome-wide association study datasets from the UK Biobank and multiple MASLD cohorts. The inverse variance weighting method served as the primary analytical approach, with sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO, to evaluate pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Forward MR analysis demonstrated a significant association between “salt added to food” and increased MASLD risk across three MASLD datasets: odds ratio (OR) = 1.538, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.145-2.067, P = .004; OR = 1.787, 95% CI: 1.247-2.561, P = .002; and OR = 2.094, 95% CI: 1.274-3.442, P = .004. Sensitivity analyses indicated low heterogeneity and no evidence of pleiotropy. Reverse MR analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of MASLD on “salt added to food”. These findings provide robust genetic evidence that “salt added to food” is a causal risk factor for MASLD, emphasizing the importance of dietary salt reduction in MASLD prevention strategies. This study supports public health recommendations advocating reduced salt intake to promote liver health and prevent MASLD.

{"title":"High salt diet causally increases metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk: A bidirectional mendelian randomization study","authors":"Qi Liu , Yuyang Liu , Hui Feng , Ning Zhang , Zhanyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent liver disorder associated with metabolic and lifestyle factors, affecting approximately 25% of the global population. Although high salt intake has been implicated as a potential dietary risk factor, its causal relationship with MASLD remains uncertain. We hypothesized that genetic liability to higher salt intake causally increases the risk of MASLD. To address this, bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the causal relationship between “salt added to food” and MASLD. Genetic variants were used as instrumental variables across large-scale genome-wide association study datasets from the UK Biobank and multiple MASLD cohorts. The inverse variance weighting method served as the primary analytical approach, with sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO, to evaluate pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Forward MR analysis demonstrated a significant association between “salt added to food” and increased MASLD risk across three MASLD datasets: odds ratio (OR) = 1.538, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.145-2.067, <em>P</em> = .004; OR = 1.787, 95% CI: 1.247-2.561, <em>P</em> = .002; and OR = 2.094, 95% CI: 1.274-3.442, <em>P</em> = .004. Sensitivity analyses indicated low heterogeneity and no evidence of pleiotropy. Reverse MR analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of MASLD on “salt added to food”. These findings provide robust genetic evidence that “salt added to food” is a causal risk factor for MASLD, emphasizing the importance of dietary salt reduction in MASLD prevention strategies. This study supports public health recommendations advocating reduced salt intake to promote liver health and prevent MASLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Pages 94-104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism-related genes are associated with vitamin D status and adiposity markers

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.02.009

Adriana Becerra‑Cervera , Rogelio F. Jiménez-Ortega , Diana I. Aparicio-Bautista , Tania V. López-Pérez , Nelly Patiño , Manuel Castillejos-López , Alberto Hidalgo‑Bravo , Edgar Denova‑Gutiérrez , Jorge Salmerón , Berenice Rivera‑Paredez , Rafael Velázquez‑Cruz

Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in vitamin D (VD) metabolism genes have been shown to be associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Although these associations have been reported in other populations, they are less studied in Mexico, a country with high vitamin D deficiency (VDD) despite ample sun exposure. Therefore, we investigate the association between VD-metabolism related SNVs, serum 25(OH)D concentrations, and their impact on VDD and adiposity indicators. We hypothesized that SNVs are associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the Mexican population. We included 1977 individuals (597 males and 1380 females) from the Health Worker Cohort Study. Nine genetic variants: rs10741657 (CYP2R1), rs6013897 (CYP24A1), rs10877012 (CYP27B1), rs10783219 and rs4516035 (VDR), rs4588 and rs7041 (GC), rs4944957 and rs3794060 (NADSYN1), in VD metabolism-related genes were genotyped. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association of interest. In our study, 7 genetic variants were associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations and VDD. A genetic risk score was created using variants rs6013897 (CYP24A1), rs4516035 (VDR), and rs4588 (GC), which were associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations, higher VDD prevalence, and increased odds of VDD. A second GRS using all 9 variants showed weaker associations. Gene-gene interactions between rs3794060-rs4944957 (NADSYN1), and rs10877012(CYP27B1)-rs7041(GC), were associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations and VDD, respectively. Additionally, SNV interactions with body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat distribution were identified. These findings suggest that SNVs influence serum 25(OH)D concentrations and adiposity indicators, with potential clinical implications for obesity management.

{"title":"Genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism-related genes are associated with vitamin D status and adiposity markers","authors":"Adriana Becerra‑Cervera , Rogelio F. Jiménez-Ortega , Diana I. Aparicio-Bautista , Tania V. López-Pérez , Nelly Patiño , Manuel Castillejos-López , Alberto Hidalgo‑Bravo , Edgar Denova‑Gutiérrez , Jorge Salmerón , Berenice Rivera‑Paredez , Rafael Velázquez‑Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in vitamin D (VD) metabolism genes have been shown to be associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Although these associations have been reported in other populations, they are less studied in Mexico, a country with high vitamin D deficiency (VDD) despite ample sun exposure. Therefore, we investigate the association between VD-metabolism related SNVs, serum 25(OH)D concentrations, and their impact on VDD and adiposity indicators. We hypothesized that SNVs are associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the Mexican population. We included 1977 individuals (597 males and 1380 females) from the Health Worker Cohort Study. Nine genetic variants: rs10741657 (<em>CYP2R1</em>), rs6013897 (<em>CYP24A1</em>), rs10877012 (<em>CYP27B1</em>), rs10783219 and rs4516035 (<em>VDR</em>), rs4588 and rs7041 (<em>GC</em>), rs4944957 and rs3794060 (<em>NADSYN1</em>), in VD metabolism-related genes were genotyped. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association of interest. In our study, 7 genetic variants were associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations and VDD. A genetic risk score was created using variants rs6013897 (<em>CYP24A1</em>), rs4516035 (<em>VDR</em>), and rs4588 (<em>GC</em>), which were associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations, higher VDD prevalence, and increased odds of VDD. A second GRS using all 9 variants showed weaker associations. Gene-gene interactions between rs3794060-rs4944957 (<em>NADSYN1</em>), and rs10877012(<em>CYP27B1</em>)-rs7041(<em>GC</em>), were associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations and VDD, respectively. Additionally, SNV interactions with body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat distribution were identified. These findings suggest that SNVs influence serum 25(OH)D concentrations and adiposity indicators, with potential clinical implications for obesity management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Pages 105-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial office and Board Members

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00055-7

引用次数: 0

David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00056-9

引用次数: 0

Probiotic supplementation contributes to glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.002

Dengrong Ma , Pingping Zhao , Jie Gao , Hui Suo , Xinyuan Guo , Mei Han , Xiaohui Zan , Chongyang Chen , Xiaoyu Lyu , Hui Wang , Jingfang Liu

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic medical condition prevalent worldwide. Currently, probiotic therapy has demonstrated favorable outcomes in T2DM management, albeit with a lingering controversy. In this network meta-analysis (NMA), we aimed to assess and rank the glycemic control efficacy of various probiotic strains or combinations in T2DM patients. A systematic literature review was conducted across 4 major databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) including data published up to November 8, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on probiotic therapy in T2DM patients. The quality of the included RCTs was evaluated using the risk-of-bias tool version 2, while Bayesian NMA was used for analysis. The efficacy of different probiotics and their combinations was ranked based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for various outcome indicators. This study included 1861 T2DM patients from 30 RCTs. The combination of LAC (Lactobacillus) + BIF (Bifidobacterium) + PRO (Propionibacterium) + STR (Streptococcus) exhibited the most favorable effect in reducing the fasting plasma glucose concentration and improving the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (SUCRA: 88.8% and 77.3%). For reducing the concentration of glycated hemoglobin A1c, BIF (SUCRA: 93.1%) was the most effective; for improving insulin secretion, LAC + BIF (SUCRA: 84.7%) exhibited the most favorable outcome for improving insulin secretion. Cluster analysis of the 4 outcome indicators showed that the LAC + BIF + STR combination may have superior therapeutic effects. Multistrain probiotic combinations demonstrated greater glycemic control effects than single-strain probiotics. Thus, LAC + BIF + STR may be a promising probiotic combination for the treatment of T2DM. Nevertheless, owing to the inherent limitations of existing studies, further research is warranted to ascertain the long-term efficacy of probiotics.

{"title":"Probiotic supplementation contributes to glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Dengrong Ma , Pingping Zhao , Jie Gao , Hui Suo , Xinyuan Guo , Mei Han , Xiaohui Zan , Chongyang Chen , Xiaoyu Lyu , Hui Wang , Jingfang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic medical condition prevalent worldwide. Currently, probiotic therapy has demonstrated favorable outcomes in T2DM management, albeit with a lingering controversy. In this network meta-analysis (NMA), we aimed to assess and rank the glycemic control efficacy of various probiotic strains or combinations in T2DM patients. A systematic literature review was conducted across 4 major databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) including data published up to November 8, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on probiotic therapy in T2DM patients. The quality of the included RCTs was evaluated using the risk-of-bias tool version 2, while Bayesian NMA was used for analysis. The efficacy of different probiotics and their combinations was ranked based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for various outcome indicators. This study included 1861 T2DM patients from 30 RCTs. The combination of LAC (<em>Lactobacillus</em>) + BIF (<em>Bifidobacterium</em>) + PRO (<em>Propionibacterium</em>) + STR (<em>Streptococcus</em>) exhibited the most favorable effect in reducing the fasting plasma glucose concentration and improving the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (SUCRA: 88.8% and 77.3%). For reducing the concentration of glycated hemoglobin A1c, BIF (SUCRA: 93.1%) was the most effective; for improving insulin secretion, LAC + BIF (SUCRA: 84.7%) exhibited the most favorable outcome for improving insulin secretion. Cluster analysis of the 4 outcome indicators showed that the LAC + BIF + STR combination may have superior therapeutic effects. Multistrain probiotic combinations demonstrated greater glycemic control effects than single-strain probiotics. Thus, LAC + BIF + STR may be a promising probiotic combination for the treatment of T2DM. Nevertheless, owing to the inherent limitations of existing studies, further research is warranted to ascertain the long-term efficacy of probiotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Pages 133-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intervention design and adherence to Mediterranean diet in the Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat (CADIMED) randomized trial

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.001

Lourdes Chávez-Alfaro , Carmen Tenorio Jiménez , Víctor Silveira-Sanguino , María José Noguera Gómez , Concepción Fernández-Moreno , Ana María Rodríguez Cuesta , Antonio F. Lebrón Arana , Óscar Segura Calvo , Ignacio Merino De Haro , Concepción M. Aguilera , Carolina Gómez-Llorente , Óscar Daniel Rangel-Huerta , Nerys Astbury , Aurora Pérez-Cornago , Marta Guasch-Ferre , Carmen Piernas

Effective interventions targeting modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as diet, are urgently needed. The Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat study hypothesizes that eliminating red and processed meat in the context of a Mediterranean diet (MD) will significantly modify circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and the fatty acid profile compared to general CVD prevention advice. Here we describe the intervention design and summarize baseline dietary intakes (mean ± standard deviation) related to MD adherence and red/processed meat intakes in a sample of 81 participants. The Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat study is a two-arm, 8-week parallel randomized controlled intervention trial involving a final sample of 156 adults (≥18 years) with dyslipidemia (not undergoing pharmacological treatment) recruited from healthcare and community settings in Granada (Spain). The primary outcome will assess changes in circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the fatty acid profile, whilst secondary outcomes will measure changes in CVD-related metabolites/biomarkers, gut microbiome, diet/lifestyle, and intervention feasibility/acceptability. Preliminary findings indicate low MD adherence (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener score 7.6 ± 1.9), and high consumption of red and processed meat (1.04 ± 0.90) servings/d). These results underscore the need for targeted dietary interventions to address the growing burden of dyslipidemia and CVD. If successful, this intervention holds potential for scalability and significant impact on public health, dietary guidelines, and advancements in nutrition science by improving MD adherence and reducing CVD risk factors in adults with dyslipidemia.

{"title":"Intervention design and adherence to Mediterranean diet in the Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat (CADIMED) randomized trial","authors":"Lourdes Chávez-Alfaro , Carmen Tenorio Jiménez , Víctor Silveira-Sanguino , María José Noguera Gómez , Concepción Fernández-Moreno , Ana María Rodríguez Cuesta , Antonio F. Lebrón Arana , Óscar Segura Calvo , Ignacio Merino De Haro , Concepción M. Aguilera , Carolina Gómez-Llorente , Óscar Daniel Rangel-Huerta , Nerys Astbury , Aurora Pérez-Cornago , Marta Guasch-Ferre , Carmen Piernas","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective interventions targeting modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as diet, are urgently needed. The Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat study hypothesizes that eliminating red and processed meat in the context of a Mediterranean diet (MD) will significantly modify circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and the fatty acid profile compared to general CVD prevention advice. Here we describe the intervention design and summarize baseline dietary intakes (mean ± standard deviation) related to MD adherence and red/processed meat intakes in a sample of 81 participants. The Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat study is a two-arm, 8-week parallel randomized controlled intervention trial involving a final sample of 156 adults (≥18 years) with dyslipidemia (not undergoing pharmacological treatment) recruited from healthcare and community settings in Granada (Spain). The primary outcome will assess changes in circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the fatty acid profile, whilst secondary outcomes will measure changes in CVD-related metabolites/biomarkers, gut microbiome, diet/lifestyle, and intervention feasibility/acceptability. Preliminary findings indicate low MD adherence (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener score 7.6 ± 1.9), and high consumption of red and processed meat (1.04 ± 0.90) servings/d). These results underscore the need for targeted dietary interventions to address the growing burden of dyslipidemia and CVD. If successful, this intervention holds potential for scalability and significant impact on public health, dietary guidelines, and advancements in nutrition science by improving MD adherence and reducing CVD risk factors in adults with dyslipidemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Pages 120-132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fish consumption is inversely associated with stroke in Korean adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013 to 2021

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.010

Eunje Kim, Youjin Je

There is growing evidence supporting a potential role of fish consumption in relation to stroke risk. Several studies have examined the association between fish consumption and stroke risk in various populations, but none have been conducted in Koreans. We hypothesized that there may also be an inverse association between fish consumption and stroke risk in Korean adults. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013 to 2021. A total of 30,143 adults aged 19 to 64 years were included in the analysis. Fish consumption was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall, and the subjects were categorized into four groups based on their total fish consumption (0, 0≤ to <1/2, 1/2≤ to <1, ≥1 serving/d). Stroke status was assessed using questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for physician-diagnosed stroke. After adjusting for covariates, high fish consumption was associated with 46% lower odds of stroke in Korean adults compared with no fish consumption (OR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31-0.94, P for trend = .041). A similar inverse association was found in male adults (OR 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23-0.97, P for trend = .042), and an inverse association between moderate fish consumption and stroke risk was found in female adults (OR 0.22; 95% CI, 0.06-0.78). Our findings suggest that high fish consumption is associated with lower odds of stroke in Korean adults, particularly in men, and moderate fish consumption was associated with lower odds of stroke in women.

{"title":"Fish consumption is inversely associated with stroke in Korean adults: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013 to 2021","authors":"Eunje Kim, Youjin Je","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is growing evidence supporting a potential role of fish consumption in relation to stroke risk. Several studies have examined the association between fish consumption and stroke risk in various populations, but none have been conducted in Koreans. We hypothesized that there may also be an inverse association between fish consumption and stroke risk in Korean adults. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013 to 2021. A total of 30,143 adults aged 19 to 64 years were included in the analysis. Fish consumption was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall, and the subjects were categorized into four groups based on their total fish consumption (0, 0≤ to <1/2, 1/2≤ to <1, ≥1 serving/d). Stroke status was assessed using questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for physician-diagnosed stroke. After adjusting for covariates, high fish consumption was associated with 46% lower odds of stroke in Korean adults compared with no fish consumption (OR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31-0.94, <em>P</em> for trend = .041). A similar inverse association was found in male adults (OR 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23-0.97, <em>P</em> for trend = .042), and an inverse association between moderate fish consumption and stroke risk was found in female adults (OR 0.22; 95% CI, 0.06-0.78). Our findings suggest that high fish consumption is associated with lower odds of stroke in Korean adults, particularly in men, and moderate fish consumption was associated with lower odds of stroke in women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"137 ","pages":"Pages 47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibitory control is related to fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.006

Nathaniel B. Willis , Corinne N. Cannavale , Anne M. Walk , Nicholas A. Burd , Hannah D. Holscher , Naiman A. Khan

Obesity is a pro-inflammatory condition with negative effects on executive functioning. Increased inflammation dysregulates gastrointestinal homeostasis and alters microbiota community composition. The gut microbiota produce immunomodulatory short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) that have been related to cognition in obesity, but the neural effects are not explored. Here, we hypothesized that greater fecal SCFA would be positively related to neuroelectric markers of inhibitory control and conflict monitoring in obesity. A cross-sectional cohort of 87 adults (35 ± 6 years, 53 females) with overweight and obesity (BMI = 32 ± 6 kg/m²) provided fresh fecal samples and participated in cognitive testing to assess response inhibition and conflict monitoring with electroencephalographic recording. Linear regressions, controlling for age, sex, BMI, and energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake, revealed positive relationships between NoGo N2 mean amplitude and fecal SCFA concentrations. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) revealed 16 amplicon sequence variants differentially abundant between high and low butyrate groups with Roseburia and Adlercreutzia individually related to NoGo N2 mean amplitude in MaAsLin2 modeling. Thus, greater fecal SCFA concentrations and SCFA producing microbiota (i.e., Roseburia) were related to markers of superior conflict monitoring in the NoGo task when adjusting for key covariates. These data highlight key associations between bacterial derived gut signaling molecules and neural regulation in cognitive domains particularly relevant to weight status that warrant further investigation.

{"title":"Inhibitory control is related to fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity","authors":"Nathaniel B. Willis , Corinne N. Cannavale , Anne M. Walk , Nicholas A. Burd , Hannah D. Holscher , Naiman A. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a pro-inflammatory condition with negative effects on executive functioning. Increased inflammation dysregulates gastrointestinal homeostasis and alters microbiota community composition. The gut microbiota produce immunomodulatory short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) that have been related to cognition in obesity, but the neural effects are not explored. Here, we hypothesized that greater fecal SCFA would be positively related to neuroelectric markers of inhibitory control and conflict monitoring in obesity. A cross-sectional cohort of 87 adults (35 ± 6 years, 53 females) with overweight and obesity (BMI = 32 ± 6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) provided fresh fecal samples and participated in cognitive testing to assess response inhibition and conflict monitoring with electroencephalographic recording. Linear regressions, controlling for age, sex, BMI, and energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake, revealed positive relationships between NoGo N2 mean amplitude and fecal SCFA concentrations. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) revealed 16 amplicon sequence variants differentially abundant between high and low butyrate groups with <em>Roseburia</em> and <em>Adlercreutzia</em> individually related to NoGo N2 mean amplitude in MaAsLin2 modeling. Thus, greater fecal SCFA concentrations and SCFA producing microbiota (i.e., <em>Roseburia</em>) were related to markers of superior conflict monitoring in the NoGo task when adjusting for key covariates. These data highlight key associations between bacterial derived gut signaling molecules and neural regulation in cognitive domains particularly relevant to weight status that warrant further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Higher serum vitamin B6 is associated with lower all-cause mortality among cancer survivors in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.011

Yutong Zhao, Ruhua Zhou, Fangting Lin, Caixia Zhang

Variations in serum concentrations of vitamin B₆, vitamin B₁₂, and folate may influence cancer development and progression. However, the association between these 3 serum B vitamins and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors remains unclear. We evaluated the potential associations between serum vitamins B₆, B₁₂, and folate and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors. Our hypothesis proposed that higher serum concentrations of vitamin B₆, vitamin B₁₂, and folate might be inversely associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in this population. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 were used. All-cause mortality was determined by linking participant data to National Death Index records till 31 December 2019. Serum vitamins B₆, B₁₂, and folate status were measured. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were applied to investigate the relationship between serum vitamins B₆, B₁₂, and folate concentrations and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors. Serum vitamin B₆ was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, with a fully-adjusted HR of 0.54 (95%CI: 0.38, 0.78, P _trend< .001). However, no statistically significant association was observed between serum vitamin B₁₂ as well as serum folate concentration and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors (B₁₂: fully-adjust HR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.63, 1.27, P _trend = .771; folate: fully-adjust HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.63, 1.08, P _trend = .269). No statistically significant interaction for age, sex, and BMI was found in stratified analyses. No non-linear relationship was found except for serum folate. These results suggest that higher serum vitamin B₆ may be associated with improved survival in cancer survivors.

血清中维生素 B6、维生素 B12 和叶酸浓度的变化可能会影响癌症的发生和发展。然而，这三种血清 B 族维生素与癌症幸存者全因死亡率之间的关系仍不清楚。我们评估了血清维生素 B6、B12 和叶酸与癌症幸存者全因死亡率之间的潜在关联。我们的假设是，血清中维生素 B6、维生素 B12 和叶酸的浓度越高，该人群的全因死亡风险就越低。我们使用了美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）1999-2018 年的数据。通过将参与者数据与截至 2019 年 12 月 31 日的国家死亡指数记录相链接，确定了全因死亡率。测量了血清维生素 B6、B12 和叶酸状况。应用多变量 Cox 回归分析研究癌症幸存者血清维生素 B6、B12 和叶酸浓度与全因死亡率之间的关系。血清维生素 B6 与全因死亡率成反比，完全调整后的 HR 为 0.54（95%CI：0.38，0.78，P trend< .001）。然而，在癌症幸存者中，血清维生素 B12 和血清叶酸浓度与全因死亡率之间没有统计学意义的关联（维生素 B12：完全调整 HR = 0.90，95%CI：0.63，1.27，P 趋势 = .771；叶酸：完全调整 HR = 0.82，95%CI：0.63，1.08，P 趋势 = .269）。在分层分析中没有发现年龄、性别和体重指数之间有统计学意义的交互作用。除血清叶酸外，未发现其他非线性关系。这些结果表明，较高的血清维生素 B6 可能与癌症幸存者生存率的提高有关。

{"title":"Higher serum vitamin B6 is associated with lower all-cause mortality among cancer survivors in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","authors":"Yutong Zhao, Ruhua Zhou, Fangting Lin, Caixia Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variations in serum concentrations of vitamin B<sub>6</sub>, vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, and folate may influence cancer development and progression. However, the association between these 3 serum B vitamins and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors remains unclear. We evaluated the potential associations between serum vitamins B<sub>6</sub>, B<sub>12</sub>, and folate and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors. Our hypothesis proposed that higher serum concentrations of vitamin B<sub>6</sub>, vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, and folate might be inversely associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in this population. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 were used. All-cause mortality was determined by linking participant data to National Death Index records till 31 December 2019. Serum vitamins B<sub>6</sub>, B<sub>12</sub>, and folate status were measured. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were applied to investigate the relationship between serum vitamins B<sub>6</sub>, B<sub>12</sub>, and folate concentrations and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors. Serum vitamin B<sub>6</sub> was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, with a fully-adjusted HR of 0.54 (95%CI: 0.38, 0.78, <em>P</em> <sub>trend</sub>< .001). However, no statistically significant association was observed between serum vitamin B<sub>12</sub> as well as serum folate concentration and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors (B<sub>12</sub>: fully-adjust HR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.63, 1.27, <em>P</em> <sub>trend</sub> = .771; folate: fully-adjust HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.63, 1.08, <em>P</em> <sub>trend</sub> = .269). No statistically significant interaction for age, sex, and BMI was found in stratified analyses. No non-linear relationship was found except for serum folate. These results suggest that higher serum vitamin B<sub>6</sub> may be associated with improved survival in cancer survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ketone therapy improves cardiac function and structure in rodents with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.008

Tingting Lv , Chunyan Liu , Mengfei Ye , Gang Li , Zheng Liu

This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the effects of ketone intervention on cardiac function and structure in rodents with heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that ketone intervention could enhance the cardiac function and structure in HF. We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for relevant studies up to April 13, 2024. Ketone therapy encompassed a ketogenic diet, ketone esters, medium-chain triglycerides, and β-hydroxybutyrate. The effect measures are mainly expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Our meta-analysis included 24 animal studies. Ketone therapy significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (SMD: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.79-1.82, I² = 77%), cardiac output (SMD: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.28-1.11, I² = 0%), and ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy (SMD: −1.95, 95% CI: −2.76 to −1.13, I² = 76%), myocardial fibrosis (SMD: −0.87, 95% CI: −1.60 to −0.15, I² = 68%), and ventricular remodeling in HF rodents. Subgroup analysis indicated that ketone intervention worsened myocardial fibrosis in non-HF rodents (SMD: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.09-1.63, I² = 78%) and had no significant effect on cardiac function. Additionally, further subgroup analysis indicated that ketogenic diet significantly alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, whereas ketone esters did not yield significant effects. The effect of ketone on left ventricular ejection fraction strengthened with the duration of intervention. Our results suggested that ketone therapy significantly improved the cardiac systolic function and structure in rodents with HF, and had no effect in rodents non-HF. Thus, ketone intervention may be a promising treatment for HF patients.

{"title":"Ketone therapy improves cardiac function and structure in rodents with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Tingting Lv , Chunyan Liu , Mengfei Ye , Gang Li , Zheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the effects of ketone intervention on cardiac function and structure in rodents with heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that ketone intervention could enhance the cardiac function and structure in HF. We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for relevant studies up to April 13, 2024. Ketone therapy encompassed a ketogenic diet, ketone esters, medium-chain triglycerides, and β-hydroxybutyrate. The effect measures are mainly expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Our meta-analysis included 24 animal studies. Ketone therapy significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (SMD: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.79-1.82, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 77%), cardiac output (SMD: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.28-1.11, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 0%), and ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy (SMD: −1.95, 95% CI: −2.76 to −1.13, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 76%), myocardial fibrosis (SMD: −0.87, 95% CI: −1.60 to −0.15, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 68%), and ventricular remodeling in HF rodents. Subgroup analysis indicated that ketone intervention worsened myocardial fibrosis in non-HF rodents (SMD: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.09-1.63, <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> = 78%) and had no significant effect on cardiac function. Additionally, further subgroup analysis indicated that ketogenic diet significantly alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, whereas ketone esters did not yield significant effects. The effect of ketone on left ventricular ejection fraction strengthened with the duration of intervention. Our results suggested that ketone therapy significantly improved the cardiac systolic function and structure in rodents with HF, and had no effect in rodents non-HF. Thus, ketone intervention may be a promising treatment for HF patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"137 ","pages":"Pages 56-70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0