Genetic identification and characterization of two novel loci for grain arsenic concentration in tetraploid wheat at various field environments

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1007/s11104-025-07303-y

Zhaoyong Zeng, Dandan Ou, Li Yin, Yueyi Wu, Yuanfeng Huo, Yinggang Xu, Huaping Tang, Shu Yuan, Xuesong Gao, Yusheng Qin, Jian Ma, Guangdeng Chen

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Abstract

Aims

Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic metalloid that can accumulate in wheat, posing significant human health risks. However, the genetic basis underlying As accumulation in wheat grains remains largely unexplored.

Methods

This study utilized a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from an endemic tetraploid wheat variety and a wild emmer accession. Phenotypic data were collected from three field environments and a pot experiment with three As levels.

Results

Seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with grain As concentration (GrAsc) were identified. Among these, two major QTL—QGrAsc.sau-AM-1A and QGrAsc.sau-AM-4A— were located on chromosomes 1A and 4A, respectively, and were detected in over four environments. These loci, which explained 7.96% to 12.51% and 10.20% to 21.45% of phenotypic variance, respectively, and were successfully validated using Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers in a natural population. Additionally, four wheat varieties with low As concentrations were screened using KASP markers. Comparisons with previous studies suggest that these two major QTL are likely novel. Furthermore, the effects of QGrAsc.sau-AM-1A and QGrAsc.sau-AM-4A on GrAsc were analyzed. Candidate genes related to As uptake and transport were predicted to be associated with these loci. Correlation analysis between GrAsc and nine agronomic traits revealed a significant negative correlation with thousand kernel weight (TKW). Additionally, QGrAsc.sau-AM-1A was found to significantly increase spikelet number per spike, while QGrAsc.sau-AM-4A was associated with increased spike density. Overall, these results suggest that QGrAsc.sau-AM-1A and QGrAsc.sau-AM-4A are promising loci for further fine mapping and molecular breeding aimed at reducing As accumulation in wheat.

Conclusions

Two novel, major QTL—QGrAsc.sau-AM-1A and QGrAsc.sau-AM-4A— were identified for grain arsenic concentration. Their effects were validated in a natural wheat population, offering the potential for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and molecular breeding.

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不同大田环境下四倍体小麦籽粒砷浓度两个新位点的遗传鉴定与特征分析

砷是一种剧毒的类金属，可在小麦中积累，对人体健康构成重大威胁。然而，小麦籽粒中砷积累的遗传基础仍未得到充分研究。方法利用一个地方性四倍体小麦品种和一个野生小麦品种的重组自交系（RIL）群体进行研究。表型数据采集于3个田间环境和3个a水平盆栽试验。结果鉴定出7个与籽粒砷浓度相关的数量性状位点（QTL）。其中，QTL-QGrAsc两大主要。sa - am - 1a和QGrAsc。au- am -4A -分别位于1A和4A染色体上，在四种以上的环境中检测到。这些位点分别解释了7.96% ~ 12.51%和10.20% ~ 21.45%的表型变异，并在自然群体中使用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR （KASP）标记进行了验证。此外，利用KASP标记筛选了4个低砷小麦品种。与以前的研究比较表明，这两个主要QTL可能是新的。此外，QGrAsc的作用。sa - am - 1a和QGrAsc。对GrAsc上的sa - am - 4a进行分析。预计与砷吸收和运输相关的候选基因与这些位点相关。GrAsc与9个农艺性状的相关分析显示，其与千粒重呈极显著负相关。此外,QGrAsc。结果表明，sau-AM-1A能显著增加每穗的小穗数，QGrAsc能显著增加每穗的小穗数。sa - am - 4a与尖峰密度增加有关。总之，这些结果表明QGrAsc。sa - am - 1a和QGrAsc。saua - am - 4a基因座是小麦减少砷积累的重要基因座。结论两种新颖、主要的QTL-QGrAsc。sa - am - 1a和QGrAsc。鉴定出au- am - 4a -为粮食砷浓度。在一个天然小麦群体中验证了它们的效果，为标记辅助选择（MAS）和分子育种提供了潜力。

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来源期刊

Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

8.20%

发文量

543

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.