Natural mackinawite-based elimination of vanadium and ammonium from wastewater in autotrophic biosystem

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Water Research Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123333

Chenran Song, Song Wang, Qinghao Zhang, Min Li, Baogang Zhang

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Abstract

Vanadium (V) production results in significant amounts of wastewater, which often co-contains considerable ammonium (NH₄⁺) after being used as precipitants. Both pentavalent V [V(V)] and NH₄⁺ can be removed independently through biological process. However, internal interactive biotechnology for one-step elimination of V(V) and NH₄⁺ remains an enigma. In this study, we proposed biologically removing V(V) and NH₄⁺ simultaneously with natural mineral mackinawite as electron donor and its oxidation products as electron acceptors. Our bioreactor achieved a V(V) removal efficiency of 99.5 ± 0.22 % and an NH₄⁺-N removal capacity of 49.5 ± 0.40 g/m³·d. V(V) was reduced to tetravalent V precipitates, while mackinawite was bio-oxidized to Fe(III) and sulfate. Metagenomic binning analysis indicated Sulfurivermis sp. mediated mackinawite oxidation and V(V) reduction. Putative Pseudomonas sp. conducted NH₄⁺ assimilation, anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to Fe(III) reduction (Feammox), and denitrification, achieving complete NH₄⁺-N removal. Real-time qPCR validated the upregulation of functional genes involved in V(V) reduction and nitrogen metabolisms, with improved functional enzyme activities. Cytochrome c, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and extracellular polymeric substances promoted electron transfer, facilitating the elimination of both V(V) and NH₄⁺-N from wastewater. This study offers a novel and sustainable biological strategy for one-step treating V industrial wastewater.

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自养生物系统中天然麦金皂基去除废水中钒和铵的研究

钒(V)的生产会产生大量的废水，这些废水在用作沉淀剂后通常含有大量的铵（NH4+）。五价V [V(V)]和NH4+都可以通过生物过程独立去除。然而，内部的相互作用生物技术一步消除V(V)和NH4+仍然是一个谜。在本研究中，我们提出以天然矿物mackinawite为电子供体，其氧化产物为电子受体，同时生物去除V(V)和NH4+。生物反应器对V(V)的去除率为99.5±0.22%，对NH4+-N的去除率为49.5±0.40 g/m3·d。V(V)被还原为四价V析出物，而mackinawite被生物氧化为Fe（III）和硫酸盐。宏基因组分析表明，sulfurvermis sp介导mackinawite氧化和V(V)还原。假定的假单胞菌进行NH4+同化、厌氧氨氧化耦合Fe（III）还原（Feammox）和反硝化，实现NH4+-N的完全去除。Real-time qPCR验证了参与V(V)还原和氮代谢的功能基因上调，功能酶活性提高。细胞色素c、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸和胞外聚合物质促进电子转移，促进废水中V(V)和NH4+-N的去除。本研究为一步法处理钒工业废水提供了一种新的、可持续的生物策略。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.