Visible light photosensitised cross-flow microfiltration membrane reactors for managing microplastic-contaminated bio-effluents

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Water Research Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123317

Hooralain Bushnaq, Sisi Pu, Tom Burton, Julio Rodriguez-Andres, Julio Carrera Montoya, Jason Mackenzie, Catherine Munro, Giovanni Palmisano, Srinivas Mettu, James Mcelhinney, Ludovic F. Dumée

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Abstract

The demand for advanced water treatment solutions necessitates the development of multifunctional, photodynamically active membranes. Phthalocyanines (Pcs), a class of organic photosensitizers, offer significant potential for enhancing treatment efficacy through photodynamic activity. This study reports the development of Pc-modified polymeric microfiltration membranes as visible-light-responsive, multifunctional membrane reactors with enhanced photodynamic and filtration properties. Cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), tetra-amino zinc phthalocyanine (TAZnPc), and tetra-sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (TSAlPc) were integrated into the membranes, imparting notable changes in morphology, surface wettability, and chemical functionality. Characterization revealed improvements in optical responsiveness and surface properties that contributed to robust photodynamic and filtration performance. Static photodynamic evaluations demonstrated high efficacy, with ZnPc mixed matrix membrane (MMM) achieving superior dye degradation and TSAlPc grafted membrane (GM) yielding significant bacterial inactivation. Filtration trials confirmed ZnPc MMM's biofouling resistance and permeance stability, reaching 99.97% rejection of bio-fouled microplastics (MPs) and a 45% permeance enhancement under irradiation. Virus filtration results demonstrated TSAlPc MMM's viral retention efficacy, achieving a 2.05-log reduction against Influenza A virus. These findings underscore the potential of Pc-functionalized membranes as promising candidates for advanced water treatment applications, offering robust contaminant rejection, biofouling control, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy in a single, multifunctional platform.

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对先进水处理解决方案的需求要求开发多功能光动力活性膜。酞菁（Pcs）是一类有机光敏剂，具有通过光动力活性提高处理效果的巨大潜力。本研究报告了 Pc 改性聚合物微滤膜的开发情况，这种膜是可见光响应型多功能膜反应器，具有增强的光动力和过滤特性。膜中加入了酞菁钴（CoPc）、酞菁锌（ZnPc）、四氨基酞菁锌（TAZnPc）和四磺化酞菁铝（TSAlPc），使膜的形态、表面润湿性和化学功能发生了显著变化。表征结果表明，光学响应性和表面特性的改善有助于提高光动力和过滤性能。静态光动力评估显示出很高的功效，ZnPc 混合基质膜（MMM）实现了出色的染料降解，而 TSAlPc 接枝膜（GM）则产生了显著的细菌灭活效果。过滤试验证实了 ZnPc MMM 的抗生物污损性和渗透稳定性，对生物污损微塑料 (MP) 的去除率达到 99.97%，在辐照条件下的渗透率提高了 45%。病毒过滤结果表明了 TSAlPc MMM 的病毒截留功效，对甲型流感病毒的截留率降低了 2.05-log。这些研究结果凸显了 Pc 功能化膜作为先进水处理应用候选材料的潜力，它在单一多功能平台中提供了强大的污染物阻隔、生物污垢控制和广谱抗菌功效。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.