Tackling micro(nano)plastic pollution in aquaculture systems

Abstract

Micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) are emerging contaminants affecting aquaculture, a key global protein source. Their presence poses significant risks to aquatic ecosystems, farmed species, and human health through consumption of contaminated products. This mini-review highlights MNP contamination in aquaculture, focusing on detection methods, mitigation strategies, and future solutions. Aquaculture-derived MNPs are significant contributors to pollution, requiring innovative countermeasures such as biodegradable materials, advanced real-time detection technologies, and strengthened filtration systems. Future perspectives emphasize the urgent need for standardized, cost-effective MNP detection methods and the adoption of bio-based materials, balancing ecological benefits and environmental impacts. Nature-based solutions, such as plant-based filters, and eco-engineered strategies offer promising avenues to improve ecosystem resilience. Policymakers must establish regulatory frameworks to limit MNP pollution, integrate microplastics into food safety protocols, and promote sustainable practices. Long-term studies on human health risks are also critical to inform actionable interventions. Addressing MNP pollution in aquaculture requires global collaboration and technological innovation to ensure seafood safety, protect ecosystems, and reduce the industry’s environmental footprint.