Incorporating biomechanics as a key evaluation metric for organoids.

Abstract

Organoids have emerged as powerful tools in biomedical research, providing essential models for studying disease mechanisms, drug screening, and personalized medicine. However, most current organoid systems lack mechanical stimuli that are crucial for organ function in vivo. This article discusses the importance of incorporating biomechanics as a fundamental evaluation metric in organoid development. Mechanical forces, such as compression, tension, and fluid shear, are vital for tissue differentiation and function, yet they are absent in many organoid models. We review recent advancements in imaging techniques, such as hierarchical phase-contrast tomography (HiP-CT), that enable detailed mechanical analyses of organoids. Additionally, we propose the use of computational models and novel bioreactors to better simulate in vivo mechanical conditions, enhancing the physiological relevance of organoids. By integrating biomechanics into organoid research, we can improve the predictive power of these models for drug testing and disease modeling, paving the way for more reliable biomedical applications.