A new wave of resurgence for GII.4 Sydney in Huzhou, particularly GII.4 Sydney[P16], between 2019 and 2023.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES BMC Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1186/s12879-025-10648-5

Xiaohua Zhu, Peng Zhang, Wei Yan, Fenfen Dong, Deshun Xu, Rui Yuan, Lei Ji

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Abstract

Background: Norovirus (NoV) infection is a major pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis (AGE) across all age groups worldwide. In the past few years, there were some situations where non-GII.4 genotypes of NoV became predominant in Huzhou region. To understand the latest prevalence of genotypes, we investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of NoV in sporadic AGE cases from January 2019 to October 2023 in Huzhou City, Zhejiang, China.

Methods: Between January 2019 and October 2023, a total of 2846 specimens collected from patients with AGE were tested for NoV in Huzhou. Partial sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and capsid gene of the positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Genotyping of NoV sequences was carried out by the RIVM online NoV Genotyping Tool. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using MEGA.

Results: In total, 460 (16.16%) specimens were identified as NoV-positive. GII genogroup accounted for most of the NoV-positive specimens (83.70%, 385/460), followed by the GI genogroup (13.26%, 61/460), and dual infection with both GI and GII genogroups (3.04%, 14/460). NoV infection was found in all age groups tested. During this period, at least 20 NoV genotypes were observed, with GII.4 Sydney being the most predominant. Phylogenetic analysis of selected strains revealed that all GII.4 Sydney[P16] strains clustered together and were closely related to strains from Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing and the United States, with nucleotide homologies ranging from 96.9 to 99.7%.

Conclusions: We report that during the period from January 2019 to October 2023, the GII.4 Sydney is undergoing a new wave of resurgence, and becoming the main epidemic strain again, particularly GII.4 Sydney[P16] with P16 polymerase.

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2019年至2023年，湖州的GII.4悉尼，特别是GII.4悉尼的新一波复苏[P16]。

背景：诺如病毒（NoV）感染是全世界所有年龄组引起急性胃肠炎（AGE）的主要病原体。在过去的几年里，有一些情况是非gii。4个基因型在湖州地区占据优势。为了解最新的基因型流行情况，我们调查了2019年1月至2023年10月浙江省湖州市散发性AGE病例中NoV的流行情况和遗传多样性。方法：2019年1月至2023年10月，对湖州市AGE患者2846例进行NoV检测。采用RT-PCR扩增阳性样品RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶（RdRp）和衣壳基因的部分序列并测序。利用RIVM在线NoV基因分型工具对NoV序列进行基因分型。采用MEGA进行系统发育分析。结果：nv阳性460例（16.16%）。nov阳性标本以GII基因组最多（83.70%,385/460），其次是GI基因组（13.26%,61/460），GI和GII基因组双重感染（3.04%,14/460）。所有年龄组均有感染。在此期间，至少观察到20个NoV基因型，其中GII.4 Sydney最为突出。对所选菌株的系统进化分析显示，GII.4 Sydney[P16]菌株均聚集在一起，与来自北京、上海、杭州、南京和美国的菌株亲缘关系密切，核苷酸同源性在96.9 ~ 99.7%之间。结论：我们报告2019年1月至2023年10月期间，GII.4 Sydney正经历新一轮的复苏，并再次成为主要流行毒株，特别是带有P16聚合酶的GII.4 Sydney[P16]。

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来源期刊

BMC Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

860

审稿时长

3.3 months

期刊介绍： BMC Infectious Diseases is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of infectious and sexually transmitted diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.