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HIV phylogenetic clusters point to unmet hiv prevention, testing and treatment needs among men who have sex with men in kenya. 艾滋病毒系统发育群表明肯尼亚男男性行为者的艾滋病毒预防、检测和治疗需求尚未得到满足。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10052-5
François Cholette, Lisa Lazarus, Pascal Macharia, Jeffrey Walimbwa, Samuel Kuria, Parinita Bhattacharjee, Helgar Musyoki, Mary Mugambi, Martin K Ongaro, Kennedy Olango, Janet Musimbi, Faran Emmanuel, Shajy Isac, Michael Pickles, Marissa L Becker, Sharmistha Mishra, Lyle R McKinnon, James Blanchard, John Ho, Omari Henry, Rissa Fabia, Paul Sandstrom, Robert Lorway, Souradet Y Shaw

Background: The HIV epidemic in Kenya remains a significant public health concern, particularly among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), who continue to bear a disproportionate burden of the epidemic. This study's objective is to describe HIV phylogenetic clusters among different subgroups of Kenyan GBMSM, including those who use physical hotspots, virtual spaces, or a combination of both to find male sexual partners.

Methods: Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from GBMSM in Kisumu, Mombasa, and Kiambu counties, Kenya, in 2019 (baseline) and 2020 (endline). HIV pol sequencing was attempted on all seropositive DBS. HIV phylogenetic clusters were inferred using a patristic distance cutoff of ≤ 0.02 nucleotide substitutions per site. We used descriptive statistics to analyze sociodemographic characteristics and risk behaviors stratified by clustering status.

Results: Of the 2,450 participants (baseline and endline), 453 (18.5%) were living with HIV. Only a small proportion of seropositive DBS specimens were successfully sequenced (n = 36/453; 7.9%), likely due to most study participants being virally suppressed (87.4%). Among these sequences, 13 (36.1%) formed eight distinct clusters comprised of seven dyads and one triad. The clusters mainly consisted of GBMSM seeking partners online (n = 10/13; 76.9%) and who tested less frequently than recommended by Kenyan guidelines (n = 11/13; 84.6%).

Conclusions: Our study identified HIV phylogenetic clusters among Kenyan GBMSM who predominantly seek sexual partners online and test infrequently. These findings highlight potential unmet HIV prevention, testing, and treatment needs within this population. Furthermore, these results underscore the importance of tailoring HIV programs to address the diverse needs of GBMSM in Kenya across different venues, including both physical hotspots and online platforms, to ensure comprehensive prevention and care strategies.

背景:肯尼亚的艾滋病疫情仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题,尤其是在男同性恋、双性恋和其他男男性行为者(GBMSM)中,他们仍然承受着不成比例的疫情负担。本研究旨在描述肯尼亚男同性恋、双性恋和其他男男性行为者(GBMSM)中不同亚群的 HIV 系统发育集群,包括那些使用实体热点、虚拟空间或两者结合来寻找男性性伴侣的人群:方法:分别于 2019 年(基线)和 2020 年(端线)在肯尼亚基苏木、蒙巴萨和基安布县收集了 GBMSM 的干血斑(DBS)。对所有血清反应阳性的 DBS 进行了 HIV pol 测序。使用每个位点的核苷酸替换≤ 0.02 的父系距离截止值推断出 HIV 系统发生群。我们使用描述性统计方法分析了按聚类状况分层的社会人口学特征和危险行为:在 2450 名参与者(基线和终点)中,有 453 人(18.5%)感染了艾滋病毒。只有一小部分血清阳性的 DBS 标本成功测序(n = 36/453;7.9%),这可能是因为大多数研究参与者的病毒得到了抑制(87.4%)。在这些序列中,13 个(36.1%)形成了 8 个不同的群组,包括 7 个二联体和 1 个三联体。这些群组主要由在网上寻找伴侣的 GBMSM(n = 10/13;76.9%)和检测频率低于肯尼亚指南建议的 GBMSM(n = 11/13;84.6%)组成:我们的研究在肯尼亚的 GBMSM 中发现了 HIV 系统发育集群,这些人主要通过网络寻找性伴侣,且检测频率较低。这些发现凸显了这一人群中潜在的未得到满足的 HIV 预防、检测和治疗需求。此外,这些结果还强调了定制 HIV 项目的重要性,以满足肯尼亚 GBMSM 在不同场所(包括实体热点和网络平台)的不同需求,从而确保采取全面的预防和护理策略。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiological characteristics of five non-COVID respiratory viruses among 37,139 all-age patients during 2018 - 2023 in Weifang, China: a cross-sectional study. 2018-2023年中国潍坊37 139名全龄患者中五种非COVID呼吸道病毒的流行病学特征:一项横断面研究。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10212-7
Yining Quan, Xiaomeng Zhang, Guimao Yang, Chunqiang Ma, Mengmeng Liu

Background: Common non-COVID respiratory viruses, such as influenza virus (IFVA/IFVB), parainfluenza virus (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and adenovirus (ADV), often cause acute respiratory infections (ARIs). This study aimed to explore the epidemiological characteristics of these five viruses in patients with ARIs before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic from 2018 to 2023.

Methods: A total of 37,139 serum specimens and epidemiological data from all-aged patients who presented with ARIs were collected from January 2018 to December 2023. The IgM antibodies of five non-COVID respiratory viruses were tested by an IgM kit with indirect immunofluorescent assay (lFA).

Results: 12,806 specimens were screened as positive for any one of the targeted viruses, with an overall positivity rate of 34.48%. Among all age groups, the most prevalent respiratory viruses were PIV (21.30%) and influenza virus (17.30% of IFVB and 9.91% of IFVA). Children aged 1-14 years were most vulnerable to lower respiratory viruses, and children aged 4-6 years have the highest prevalence no matter the positivity rate for overall viruses (53.06%) or for each virus. From 2018 to 2023, the annual percentage change (APC) revealed that the prevalence of total viruses have a 13.53% rise (p < 0.05), which increased with statistically significant for all age groups. In addition, both the infection rate and the number of samples detected have decreased significantly in the "first-level response" stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and in the "first three months" after fully lifted. Compared to those in the previous five years, the total infection rate (44.64%) and infection rate (26.93%) of the older adults (> 60 years) were all the highest in 2023, and the number of samples collected in 2023 sharply increased, increasing by 77.10% compared to the average of the number of detected in 2018-2022.

Conclusions: The data from this study indicate that the epidemiological characteristics of five non-COVID respiratory viruses are vulnerability to the environment, age, sex, and epidemics status among AIR patients, and that the detected number and positivity rate of these viruses have increased in the "post-pandemic era", which is critical for the late or retrospective diagnosis and can serve as a useful surveillance tool to inform local public policy in Weifang, China.

背景:常见的非COVID呼吸道病毒,如流感病毒(IFVA/IFVB)、副流感病毒(PIV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和腺病毒(ADV),经常引起急性呼吸道感染(ARIs)。本研究旨在探讨2018年至2023年COVID-19大流行之前、期间和之后这五种病毒在ARI患者中的流行病学特征:收集了2018年1月至2023年12月期间所有年龄段ARI患者的37 139份血清标本和流行病学数据。采用间接免疫荧光法(lFA)的IgM试剂盒检测了五种非COVID呼吸道病毒的IgM抗体:结果:共筛查出 12 806 份标本对任何一种目标病毒呈阳性,总体阳性率为 34.48%。在所有年龄组中,最常见的呼吸道病毒是 PIV(21.30%)和流感病毒(在 IFVB 中占 17.30%,在 IFVA 中占 9.91%)。1-14岁儿童最易感染下呼吸道病毒,4-6岁儿童无论整体病毒阳性率(53.06%)还是每种病毒阳性率都最高。从2018年到2023年,年百分比变化(APC)显示,总病毒的流行率有13.53%的上升(P 60岁)均为2023年最高,2023年采集的样本数量急剧增加,与2018-2022年检测数量的平均值相比增加了77.10%.结论:本研究的数据表明,5种非COVID呼吸道病毒的流行病学特征易受环境、年龄、性别、AIR患者流行状况等因素的影响,在 "后大流行时代",这些病毒的检出数量和阳性率均有所上升,这对于晚期诊断或回顾性诊断至关重要,可作为一种有用的监测工具,为中国潍坊当地的公共政策提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clusters of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia, 2010-2021. 2010-2021 年内蒙古人类布鲁氏菌病的流行病学特征和时空聚类。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10165-x
Sijia Liu, Sarisak Soontornchai, Somchai Bovornkitti, Xuemei Wang

Background: Brucellosis poses a significant public health challenge in China. Inner Mongolia, characterized by its developed livestock industry, is the most severe endemic area for human brucellosis. This study aims to describe the epidemiology, explore the spatial-temporal distribution patterns, and clustering characteristics of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia.

Methods: Data on human brucellosis cases from 2010 to 2021 were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Inner Mongolia. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to identify high-risk areas, while spatial-temporal scan statistics were employed to detect changes in clusters over time.

Results: A total of 153,792 brucellosis cases were reported in Inner Mongolia from 2010 to 2021, with an average annual incidence rate of 52.59 per 100,000 persons. The incidence showed a decreasing trend from 2010 to 2016, followed by a significant increase from 2016 to 2021. The disease exhibited distinct seasonality, peaking in spring and summer (March to August). Middle-aged individuals, males, and farmers/herdsmen had higher incidence rates. Spatially, incidence rates decreased from north to south and from the central and eastern regions to the west. Clear spatial clusters were observed during 2010-2013 and 2016-2021 in the global Moran's I test. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that high-high clusters expanded from the central and eastern regions towards the west over time. Spatio-temporal scan analysis further indicated that high-risk clusters were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern regions, with a continuous expansion towards the west and south, leading to an increasingly broad geographical spread.

Conclusion: Human brucellosis cases in Inner Mongolia exhibit spatio-temporal clustering, with spatial concentration in the central and eastern regions, but also observed expansion towards the western and southern regions. The most of cases occur between March and August each year. For high-risk areas and populations, more timely and effective prevention and control measures should be implemented to mitigate the spread of brucellosis and protect public health.

背景:布鲁氏菌病在中国是一项重大的公共卫生挑战。内蒙古畜牧业发达,是人类布鲁氏菌病流行最严重的地区。本研究旨在描述内蒙古人类布鲁氏菌病的流行病学,探讨其时空分布规律和聚集特征:方法:从内蒙古疾病预防控制中心获得2010年至2021年人感染布鲁氏菌病病例数据。采用空间自相关分析来确定高风险地区,同时采用时空扫描统计来检测集群随时间的变化:结果:2010-2021年,内蒙古共报告布鲁氏菌病病例153792例,年平均发病率为52.59/10万人。2010 年至 2016 年发病率呈下降趋势,2016 年至 2021 年发病率显著上升。该疾病具有明显的季节性,在春季和夏季(3 月至 8 月)达到高峰。中年人、男性和农牧民的发病率较高。从空间上看,发病率从北向南下降,从中部和东部地区向西部下降。在全球莫兰 I 检验中,2010-2013 年和 2016-2021 年出现了明显的空间集群。局部空间自相关分析表明,随着时间的推移,高发集群从中部和东部地区向西部扩展。时空扫描分析进一步表明,高风险群主要集中在中部和东部地区,并不断向西部和南部扩展,导致地域分布越来越广:结论:内蒙古人感染布鲁氏菌病病例呈现时空聚类现象,空间上主要集中在中部和东部地区,但也观察到向西部和南部地区扩展的趋势。大多数病例发生在每年的 3 月至 8 月。对于高危地区和人群,应采取更加及时有效的防控措施,以减少布鲁氏菌病的传播,保护公众健康。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing identification of Lyme disease diagnoses in commercial insurance claims data, United States, 2016-2019. 2016-2019 年美国商业保险理赔数据中莱姆病诊断的优化识别。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10195-5
Courtney C Nawrocki, Austin R Earley, Sarah A Hook, Alison F Hinckley, Kiersten J Kugeler

Background: Commercial insurance claims data are a stable and consistent source of information on Lyme disease diagnoses in the United States and can contribute to our understanding of overall disease burden and the tracking of epidemiological trends. Algorithms consisting of diagnosis codes and antimicrobial treatment information have been used to identify Lyme disease diagnoses in claims data, but there might be opportunity to improve their accuracy.

Methods: We developed three modified versions of our existing claims-based Lyme disease algorithm; each reflected refined criteria regarding antimicrobials prescribed and/or maximum days between diagnosis code and qualifying prescription claim. We applied each to a large national commercial claims database to identify Lyme disease diagnoses during 2016-2019. We then compared characteristics of Lyme disease diagnoses identified by each of the modified algorithms to those identified by our original algorithm to assess differences from expected trends in demographics, seasonality, and geography.

Results: Observed differences in characteristics of patients with diagnoses identified by the three modified algorithms and our original algorithm were minimal, and differences in age and sex, in particular, were small enough that they could have been due to chance. However, one modified algorithm resulted in proportionally more diagnoses in men, during peak summer months, and in high-incidence jurisdictions, more closely reflecting epidemiological trends documented through public health surveillance. This algorithm limited treatment to only first-line recommended antimicrobials and shortened the timeframe between a Lyme disease diagnosis code and qualifying prescription claim.

Conclusions: As compared to our original algorithm, a modified algorithm that limits the antimicrobials prescribed and shortens the timeframe between a diagnosis code and a qualifying prescription claim might more accurately identify Lyme disease diagnoses when utilizing insurance claims data for supplementary, routine identification and monitoring of Lyme disease diagnoses.

背景:商业保险理赔数据是美国莱姆病诊断信息的一个稳定而持续的来源,有助于我们了解疾病的总体负担并追踪流行病学趋势。由诊断代码和抗菌治疗信息组成的算法已被用于识别理赔数据中的莱姆病诊断,但仍有机会提高其准确性:我们为现有的基于索赔的莱姆病算法开发了三个修改版本;每个版本都反映了关于处方抗菌药物和/或诊断代码与合格处方索赔之间最长天数的细化标准。我们将每种算法应用于大型全国商业索赔数据库,以确定 2016-2019 年期间的莱姆病诊断。然后,我们将每种修改后的算法确定的莱姆病诊断特征与我们最初的算法确定的特征进行了比较,以评估在人口统计学、季节性和地域性方面与预期趋势的差异:三种修改后的算法与我们最初的算法所确定的诊断患者的特征差异很小,尤其是年龄和性别方面的差异很小,可能是偶然因素造成的。不过,其中一种修改后的算法在男性、夏季高峰期和高发病辖区的诊断比例更高,更贴近公共卫生监测记录的流行病学趋势。这种算法将治疗限制在推荐的一线抗菌药物范围内,并缩短了莱姆病诊断代码与合格处方索赔之间的时限:与我们最初的算法相比,在利用保险理赔数据对莱姆病诊断进行补充性、常规性识别和监测时,限制抗菌药物处方并缩短诊断代码与合格处方索赔之间时限的改进算法可能会更准确地识别莱姆病诊断。
{"title":"Optimizing identification of Lyme disease diagnoses in commercial insurance claims data, United States, 2016-2019.","authors":"Courtney C Nawrocki, Austin R Earley, Sarah A Hook, Alison F Hinckley, Kiersten J Kugeler","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10195-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10195-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Commercial insurance claims data are a stable and consistent source of information on Lyme disease diagnoses in the United States and can contribute to our understanding of overall disease burden and the tracking of epidemiological trends. Algorithms consisting of diagnosis codes and antimicrobial treatment information have been used to identify Lyme disease diagnoses in claims data, but there might be opportunity to improve their accuracy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed three modified versions of our existing claims-based Lyme disease algorithm; each reflected refined criteria regarding antimicrobials prescribed and/or maximum days between diagnosis code and qualifying prescription claim. We applied each to a large national commercial claims database to identify Lyme disease diagnoses during 2016-2019. We then compared characteristics of Lyme disease diagnoses identified by each of the modified algorithms to those identified by our original algorithm to assess differences from expected trends in demographics, seasonality, and geography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Observed differences in characteristics of patients with diagnoses identified by the three modified algorithms and our original algorithm were minimal, and differences in age and sex, in particular, were small enough that they could have been due to chance. However, one modified algorithm resulted in proportionally more diagnoses in men, during peak summer months, and in high-incidence jurisdictions, more closely reflecting epidemiological trends documented through public health surveillance. This algorithm limited treatment to only first-line recommended antimicrobials and shortened the timeframe between a Lyme disease diagnosis code and qualifying prescription claim.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As compared to our original algorithm, a modified algorithm that limits the antimicrobials prescribed and shortens the timeframe between a diagnosis code and a qualifying prescription claim might more accurately identify Lyme disease diagnoses when utilizing insurance claims data for supplementary, routine identification and monitoring of Lyme disease diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"24 1","pages":"1322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endophthalmitis patients in Makassar City: molecular identification of pathogenic fungal profile. 马卡萨市眼底病患者:致病真菌的分子鉴定。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10209-2
Willy Wirawan Guslianto, Yunialthy Dwia Pertiwi, Mochammad Hatta, Lisa Tenriesa, Ririn Nislawati, Fadhilah Syamsuri, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Firdaus Hamid

Background: Endophthalmitis is a severe inflammation of the internal ocular structures, usually caused by bacterial or fungal infections, and can lead to rapid, irreversible blindness. Fungal endophthalmitis (FE), primarily due to Candida albicans and Aspergillus, is less common than bacterial endophthalmitis but has shown an increase in prevalence over the past two decades. Diagnosing FE is challenging and often delayed due to the time-consuming nature of traditional culture methods. The timely initiation of targeted antifungal therapy based on the specific fungal pathogen identified by molecular method can improve patient outcomes and reduce the risk of vision loss. This study aims to determine the presence of pathogenic fungal infections in patients with endophthalmitis using molecular methods at Hasanuddin University Hospital Makassar.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study analyzed 83 intraocular fluid samples from patients with endophthalmitis at Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia. Samples were examined using microscopy, culture, and molecular methods, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing.

Results: The study population comprised 49 males (59%) and 34 females (41%), with an average age of 45.85 years. The distribution of affected eyes was nearly equal, with 50.6% involving the right eye and 49.4% involving the left eye. Exogenous transmission, primarily related to external risk factors such as ocular trauma or surgical procedures, was identified as the most common mode of fungal transmission in this population (97.6%). No fungal elements were detected through microscopy or culture; however, PCR could identify 5 positive samples (6%); 3 were males and 2 were females; all have exogenous transmission, predominantly showing Candida species. Sequencing revealed Candida parapsilosis, Lodderomyces beijingensis, and Trichophyton rubrum among the findings.

Conclusion: Cases of fungal endophthalmitis are rare but increasing, posing diagnostic challenges. Our study concludes that PCR is more effective than traditional culture methods in identifying fungal pathogens, with a predominance of Candida species identified in endophthalmitis. Molecular techniques like PCR offer rapid and accurate diagnosis, improving patient treatment outcomes by enabling earlier initiation of targeted antifungal therapy.

背景:眼内炎是眼内结构的一种严重炎症,通常由细菌或真菌感染引起,可导致快速、不可逆的失明。真菌性眼内炎(FE)主要由白色念珠菌和曲霉菌引起,与细菌性眼内炎相比并不常见,但在过去二十年中发病率有所上升。由于传统的培养方法耗时较长,诊断 FE 具有一定的挑战性,而且往往会延误诊断。根据分子方法鉴定出的特定真菌病原体及时启动有针对性的抗真菌治疗,可改善患者的预后并降低视力丧失的风险。本研究旨在利用分子方法确定马卡萨哈桑努丁大学医院眼底病患者中是否存在致病真菌感染:这项横断面观察性研究分析了印度尼西亚望加锡哈桑努丁大学医院 83 名眼底病患者的眼内液样本。样本采用显微镜、培养和分子方法(包括聚合酶链反应(PCR)和脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)测序)进行检测:研究对象包括 49 名男性(59%)和 34 名女性(41%),平均年龄为 45.85 岁。受影响眼睛的分布几乎相等,50.6%为右眼,49.4%为左眼。外源性传播主要与眼外伤或外科手术等外部危险因素有关,是该人群中最常见的真菌传播方式(97.6%)。显微镜检查或培养均未检测到真菌成分,但 PCR 可鉴定出 5 份阳性样本(6%),其中 3 份为男性,2 份为女性;所有样本均为外源性传播,主要表现为白色念珠菌。测序结果显示有副丝状念珠菌、北京菟丝子菌和红毛癣菌:结论:真菌性眼内炎病例虽然罕见,但却在不断增加,给诊断带来了挑战。我们的研究得出结论,在鉴定真菌病原体方面,PCR 比传统的培养方法更有效,在眼内炎中鉴定出的主要是念珠菌。聚合酶链式反应等分子技术可提供快速准确的诊断,通过尽早启动有针对性的抗真菌治疗,改善患者的治疗效果。
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引用次数: 0
Maternal COVID-19 infection and risk of respiratory distress syndrome among newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 母体 COVID-19 感染与新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的风险:系统回顾与荟萃分析。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10161-1
Muhammed Shabil, Shilpa Gaidhane, Suhas Ballal, Sanjay Kumar, Mahakshit Bhat, Shilpa Sharma, M Ravi Kumar, Sarvesh Rustagi, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Nishant Rai, Mohammed Garout, Nabiha A Bouafia, Amer Alshengeti, Hayam A Alrasheed, Nawal A Al Kaabi, Mubarak Alfaresi, Ali Hazazi, Ali A Rabaan, Sanjit Sah, Sorabh Lakhanpal, Ganesh Bushi, Laksmi Thangavelu, Nagavalli Chilakam, Sakshi Pandey, Manvinder Brar, Rachana Mehta, Ashok Kumar Balaraman, Rukshar Syed, Gajendra Sharma

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted public health, with emerging evidence suggesting substantial effects on maternal and neonatal health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the prevalence and risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns born to mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a literature search in Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to April 20, without language or date restrictions. Observational studies reporting on the prevalence or risk of RDS among newborns from mothers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. Quality assessment was performed using the JBI tool. Statistical analysis was performed by using R software version 4.3.

Results: Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of RDS among newborns born to COVID-19-infected mothers was 11.5% (95% CI: 7.4-17.3%), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 93%). Newborns from infected mothers had a significantly higher risk of developing RDS, with a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 2.69 (95% CI: 1.77 to 4.17).

Conclusion: Newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 have a substantially increased risk of developing RDS. These findings emphasize the need for vigilant monitoring and appropriate management of pregnant women with COVID-19 to mitigate adverse neonatal outcomes.

背景:COVID-19 大流行严重影响了公众健康,新出现的证据表明它对孕产妇和新生儿的健康产生了重大影响。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在量化母亲感染 SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19 的致病病毒)后所生新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的发病率和风险:我们在 Embase、PubMed 和 Web of Science 中检索了截至 4 月 20 日的文献,没有语言和日期限制。我们纳入了有关确诊感染 SARS-CoV-2 的母亲所生新生儿中 RDS 发病率或风险的观察性研究。采用 JBI 工具进行质量评估。使用 R 软件 4.3 版进行统计分析:22 项研究符合纳入标准。COVID-19感染母亲所生新生儿的RDS患病率合计为11.5%(95% CI:7.4-17.3%),存在显著异质性(I² = 93%)。感染COVID-19的母亲所生的新生儿患RDS的风险明显更高,汇总风险比(RR)为2.69(95% CI:1.77-4.17):结论:感染 COVID-19 的母亲所生的新生儿患 RDS 的风险大大增加。这些发现强调了对 COVID-19 孕妇进行警惕性监测和适当管理以减轻新生儿不良结局的必要性。
{"title":"Maternal COVID-19 infection and risk of respiratory distress syndrome among newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Muhammed Shabil, Shilpa Gaidhane, Suhas Ballal, Sanjay Kumar, Mahakshit Bhat, Shilpa Sharma, M Ravi Kumar, Sarvesh Rustagi, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Nishant Rai, Mohammed Garout, Nabiha A Bouafia, Amer Alshengeti, Hayam A Alrasheed, Nawal A Al Kaabi, Mubarak Alfaresi, Ali Hazazi, Ali A Rabaan, Sanjit Sah, Sorabh Lakhanpal, Ganesh Bushi, Laksmi Thangavelu, Nagavalli Chilakam, Sakshi Pandey, Manvinder Brar, Rachana Mehta, Ashok Kumar Balaraman, Rukshar Syed, Gajendra Sharma","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10161-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10161-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted public health, with emerging evidence suggesting substantial effects on maternal and neonatal health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the prevalence and risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns born to mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a literature search in Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to April 20, without language or date restrictions. Observational studies reporting on the prevalence or risk of RDS among newborns from mothers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. Quality assessment was performed using the JBI tool. Statistical analysis was performed by using R software version 4.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of RDS among newborns born to COVID-19-infected mothers was 11.5% (95% CI: 7.4-17.3%), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 93%). Newborns from infected mothers had a significantly higher risk of developing RDS, with a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 2.69 (95% CI: 1.77 to 4.17).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 have a substantially increased risk of developing RDS. These findings emphasize the need for vigilant monitoring and appropriate management of pregnant women with COVID-19 to mitigate adverse neonatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"24 1","pages":"1318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multiple pathogen infections accompanied with ocular pathologies in a patient with high-titer Anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies: a case report. 高滴度抗IFN-γ自身抗体患者多种病原体感染并伴有眼部病变:一份病例报告。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10217-2
Siyao Wu, Siqiao Liang, Hanlin Liang, Yan Ning, Xia Li, Zhiyi He

The typical clinical characteristic of patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) is primarily associated with infection caused by intracellular pathogens. With continued research, additional clinical characteristics have been gradually uncovered. Here, we present a case of multiple pathogen infections accompanied by ocular pathologies in a patient with high titers of AIGAs. The patient, a 53-year-old female patient, was admitted to our hospital after finding a mass in the right supraclavicular fossa. She was successively diagnosed with Talaromyces marneffei, Aspergillus flavus and Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections. Then, she received a complete course of antifungal agents for nearly 3.5 years and anti-NTM treatment for nearly 3 years, with discontinuation upon symptom improvement. However, there was a rapid recurrence of the infection upon cessation of the drug despite improvement in the patient's symptoms. Moreover, when the recurrent infection stabilized, the patient exhibited immune conjunctivitis and dry eye, which was successfully treated by tacrolimus eye drops and lubricant. Patients with high-titer AIGAs are more prone to experiencing recurrence and/or persistent infection, as well as immune disorders.

抗-IFN-γ自身抗体(AIGAs)患者的典型临床特征主要与细胞内病原体引起的感染有关。随着研究的不断深入,其他临床特征也逐渐被发现。在此,我们介绍了一例高滴度 AIGAs 患者多种病原体感染并伴有眼部病变的病例。患者是一名 53 岁的女性患者,因发现右锁骨上窝肿块而入院。她先后被诊断为马内菲他拉酵母菌、黄曲霉菌和非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)感染。随后,她接受了近 3.5 年的全疗程抗真菌药物治疗和近 3 年的抗非结核分枝杆菌治疗,症状改善后停药。然而,尽管患者的症状有所改善,但停药后感染迅速复发。此外,当复发感染稳定后,患者出现了免疫性结膜炎和干眼症,他克莫司滴眼液和润滑剂成功治疗了这一症状。高滴度 AIGA 患者更容易出现复发和/或持续感染以及免疫紊乱。
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引用次数: 0
Pre-market health systems barriers and enablers to infectious diseases point-of-care diagnostics in Australia: qualitative interviews with key informants. 澳大利亚传染病护理点诊断上市前卫生系统的障碍和促进因素:对主要信息提供者的定性访谈。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10214-5
Lise Lafferty, Tanya L Applegate, Sophie Lewis, Kerryn Drysdale, Robert Monaghan, Angela Kelly-Hanku, Rebecca Guy, Carla Treloar

Background: There exist multiple regulatory layers for point-of-care (POC) testing to be implemented within Australia. This qualitative analysis sought to understand the pre-market barriers and facilitators to scale-up infectious diseases POC testing in primary care settings at the national level.

Methods: Key informant interviews were undertaken with people (n = 30) working in high- level positions relevant to infectious diseases POC testing in Australia. Participants were recruited from federal and state health departments, industry, and nongovernment national peak bodies. The Unitaid scalability framework informed this analysis to understand barriers and enablers to creating access conditions and establishing country readiness for market access of POC tests.

Results: Participants identified regulatory frameworks as significant barriers to market access. National strategies and advocacy were viewed as potential enablers to establishing country readiness. It was recommended that the national system for universal health care should fund infectious disease POC tests to ensure financial sustainability, though the existing pathology infrastructure was regarded as a likely inhibitor.

Conclusions: Current regulatory frameworks inhibit market access for infectious disease POC testing devices for use in the primary care setting. National advocacy is urgently needed to gain government support and align national policies with regulatory frameworks.

背景:在澳大利亚,护理点(POC)检测的实施存在多个监管层。这项定性分析旨在了解在全国范围内扩大基层医疗机构传染病 POC 检测的上市前障碍和促进因素:对在澳大利亚从事与传染病 POC 检测相关的高级职位的人员(n = 30)进行了关键信息访谈。参与者来自联邦和州卫生部门、行业和非政府国家高峰机构。Unitaid的可扩展性框架为本分析提供了信息,以了解在为POC测试的市场准入创造准入条件和建立国家准入准备方面的障碍和推动因素:结果:与会者认为监管框架是市场准入的重大障碍。国家战略和宣传被视为建立国家准备就绪状态的潜在推动因素。与会者建议,国家全民医疗保健系统应为传染病 POC 检测提供资金,以确保财政的可持续性,但现有的病理学基础设施被认为可能是一个阻碍因素:结论:目前的监管框架阻碍了在初级医疗环境中使用的传染病 POC 检测设备进入市场。亟需在全国范围内进行宣传,以获得政府的支持,并使国家政策与监管框架保持一致。
{"title":"Pre-market health systems barriers and enablers to infectious diseases point-of-care diagnostics in Australia: qualitative interviews with key informants.","authors":"Lise Lafferty, Tanya L Applegate, Sophie Lewis, Kerryn Drysdale, Robert Monaghan, Angela Kelly-Hanku, Rebecca Guy, Carla Treloar","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10214-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10214-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There exist multiple regulatory layers for point-of-care (POC) testing to be implemented within Australia. This qualitative analysis sought to understand the pre-market barriers and facilitators to scale-up infectious diseases POC testing in primary care settings at the national level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Key informant interviews were undertaken with people (n = 30) working in high- level positions relevant to infectious diseases POC testing in Australia. Participants were recruited from federal and state health departments, industry, and nongovernment national peak bodies. The Unitaid scalability framework informed this analysis to understand barriers and enablers to creating access conditions and establishing country readiness for market access of POC tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants identified regulatory frameworks as significant barriers to market access. National strategies and advocacy were viewed as potential enablers to establishing country readiness. It was recommended that the national system for universal health care should fund infectious disease POC tests to ensure financial sustainability, though the existing pathology infrastructure was regarded as a likely inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current regulatory frameworks inhibit market access for infectious disease POC testing devices for use in the primary care setting. National advocacy is urgently needed to gain government support and align national policies with regulatory frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"24 1","pages":"1317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protective role of vaccination on the development of long COVID: data from a large, multicenter, prospective cohort study. 疫苗接种对长COVID发病的保护作用:一项大型、多中心、前瞻性队列研究的数据。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10226-1
Francesco Di Gennaro, Nicola Veronese, Francesco Vladimiro Segala, Luisa Frallonardo, Giacomo Guido, Mariangela Cormio, Greta Romita, Angela Parisi, Eliana Marrone, Maria Elena Ciuppa, Anna La Carrubba, Luca Carruba, Anna Licata, Giada Cavallaro, Vittorio Pagliuso, Teresa Maino, Silvia Lollo, Lorenzo Latino, Lidia Tina Solimeo, Antonia Ianniello, Domenico Montalbò, Davide Fiore Bavaro, Maria Luisa Fiorella, Mario Barbagallo, Annalisa Saracino

Background: Long COVID, a highly heterogeneous syndrome affecting millions of people worldwide, is emerging as an urgent public health threat, but data on the predictors of specific clinical manifestations over long follow-up periods are limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of viral variants and other predictors in long COVID incidence and clinical manifestations.

Methods: All COVID-19 patients aged > 18 years and hospitalized from March 1 2020 to April 2022 in two Italian University Hospitals were enrolled. Incidence and clinical presentation of long COVID were assessed through structured questionnaires delivered by phone calls. The association between possible risk factors collected during hospitalization and long COVID was reported using an adjusted logistic regression and reported as odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Among 1,012 recruited patients, over a median follow-up of 19 months (IQR: 15-24 months), the cumulative incidence of long COVID was 91.7%, with the most common clinical manifestations involving the respiratory system (80.5%) and the neurological system (77.3%). Among 1,012 recruited patients, over a median follow-up of 19 months (IQR: 15-24 months), the cumulative incidence of long COVID was 91.7%, with the most common clinical manifestations involving the respiratory system (80.5%) and the neurological system (77.3%). Overall, 54% reported long COVID symptomatology between 18 and 24 months. Multivariate analysis suggested that being vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 was associated with reduced odds of reporting any long COVID symptomatology (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.21-0.58), while infection with the Delta variant was a strong predictor (OR: 9.61, p < 0.0001) for the development of post-COVID conditions characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Conclusions: In this study long COVID symptoms were still highly prevalent after 18-24 months of follow-up and, when compared to wild-type virus, infection with the Delta variant was associated with a higher risk of developing a neurological post-COVID condition.

背景:长COVID是一种影响全球数百万人的高度异质性综合征,正在成为一种紧迫的公共健康威胁,但有关长期随访期间特定临床表现预测因素的数据却很有限。本研究旨在探讨病毒变异和其他预测因素在 COVID 长期发病率和临床表现中的作用:方法:纳入 2020 年 3 月 1 日至 2022 年 4 月期间在两家意大利大学医院住院的所有年龄大于 18 岁的 COVID-19 患者。通过电话发放结构化问卷,评估长COVID的发病率和临床表现。住院期间收集的可能风险因素与长COVID之间的关联采用调整后的逻辑回归进行报告,并以几率比(OR)及其95%置信区间(CI)进行报告:在中位随访期为 19 个月(IQR:15-24 个月)的 1012 名招募患者中,长期 COVID 的累积发生率为 91.7%,最常见的临床表现涉及呼吸系统(80.5%)和神经系统(77.3%)。在中位随访期为 19 个月(IQR:15-24 个月)的 1012 名招募患者中,长 COVID 的累计发生率为 91.7%,最常见的临床表现涉及呼吸系统(80.5%)和神经系统(77.3%)。总体而言,54%的患者在18至24个月内出现长期COVID症状。多变量分析表明,接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗与报告任何长期 COVID 症状的几率降低有关(OR:0.34;95% CI:0.21-0.58),而感染 Delta 变体是一个很强的预测因素(OR:9.61,p 结论:SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种与报告任何长期 COVID 症状的几率降低有关(OR:0.34;95% CI:0.21-0.58):在这项研究中,18-24 个月的随访后,长期 COVID 症状仍然非常普遍,与野生型病毒相比,感染 Delta 变异型病毒后出现神经系统后 COVID 症状的风险更高。
{"title":"Protective role of vaccination on the development of long COVID: data from a large, multicenter, prospective cohort study.","authors":"Francesco Di Gennaro, Nicola Veronese, Francesco Vladimiro Segala, Luisa Frallonardo, Giacomo Guido, Mariangela Cormio, Greta Romita, Angela Parisi, Eliana Marrone, Maria Elena Ciuppa, Anna La Carrubba, Luca Carruba, Anna Licata, Giada Cavallaro, Vittorio Pagliuso, Teresa Maino, Silvia Lollo, Lorenzo Latino, Lidia Tina Solimeo, Antonia Ianniello, Domenico Montalbò, Davide Fiore Bavaro, Maria Luisa Fiorella, Mario Barbagallo, Annalisa Saracino","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10226-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10226-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long COVID, a highly heterogeneous syndrome affecting millions of people worldwide, is emerging as an urgent public health threat, but data on the predictors of specific clinical manifestations over long follow-up periods are limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of viral variants and other predictors in long COVID incidence and clinical manifestations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All COVID-19 patients aged > 18 years and hospitalized from March 1 2020 to April 2022 in two Italian University Hospitals were enrolled. Incidence and clinical presentation of long COVID were assessed through structured questionnaires delivered by phone calls. The association between possible risk factors collected during hospitalization and long COVID was reported using an adjusted logistic regression and reported as odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,012 recruited patients, over a median follow-up of 19 months (IQR: 15-24 months), the cumulative incidence of long COVID was 91.7%, with the most common clinical manifestations involving the respiratory system (80.5%) and the neurological system (77.3%). Among 1,012 recruited patients, over a median follow-up of 19 months (IQR: 15-24 months), the cumulative incidence of long COVID was 91.7%, with the most common clinical manifestations involving the respiratory system (80.5%) and the neurological system (77.3%). Overall, 54% reported long COVID symptomatology between 18 and 24 months. Multivariate analysis suggested that being vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 was associated with reduced odds of reporting any long COVID symptomatology (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.21-0.58), while infection with the Delta variant was a strong predictor (OR: 9.61, p < 0.0001) for the development of post-COVID conditions characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study long COVID symptoms were still highly prevalent after 18-24 months of follow-up and, when compared to wild-type virus, infection with the Delta variant was associated with a higher risk of developing a neurological post-COVID condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"24 1","pages":"1313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever among healthcare workers in Iran 2000-2023, a report of National Reference Laboratory. 2000-2023 年伊朗医护人员中的克里米亚-刚果出血热,国家参考实验室报告。
IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10199-1
Mehdi Fazlalipour, Tahmineh Jalali, Roger Hewson, Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali, Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri

Background: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a lethal acute viral zoonosis with a case fatality rate of 5-50%. Due to the potential of human-to human transmission of the disease, healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of occupational exposure to CCHF virus. Little is known about CCHF virus route of transmission and risks in Iranian HCWs. Therefore this study was designed to identify the routes of exposure to the CCHF virus among Iranian HCWs.

Methods: From Oct 2000 to Feb 2023, 96 CCHF suspected healthcare workers referred to national reference laboratory were tested for CCHF virus infection by the use of RT-PCR and IgM Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (MAC-ELISA) and exposure history of cases were investigated to determine the CCHF virus routes of transmission in nosocomial settings.

Results: Twelve CCHF confirmed cases were identified including seven nurses and five physicians, with the median age of 32.5 years (range 23-53 years) and the median incubation period of 6.8 days (range from 1 to 22 days). None of the cases reported a history of tick bite or close contact with tissues or animal blood. The cases were from Razavi Khorasan (seven cases), Sistan and Baluchistan (two cases), Isfahan (one case), South Khorasan (one case) and Fars (one case). Percutaneous exposure (needle stick) (three cases), mucosal exposure (blood splash in to face) (three cases) and skin contact with blood (three cases) constituted the most prevalent routes of transmission. Since 2013, no CCHF cases have been identified among Iranian HCWs.

Conclusions: In healthcare settings, physicians and nurses are at risk of nosocomial CCHF virus infection. The routes of transmission mainly include direct exposures via needle-stick, mucosal or direct contact with the skin to infected blood. Continuous education and implementation of infection prevention and control measures are key factors to minimize the incidence of healthcare related CCHF.

背景:克里米亚-刚果出血热(CCHF克里米亚-刚果出血热(CCHF)是一种致命的急性病毒性人畜共患病,病死率为 5%-50%。由于该疾病可能在人与人之间传播,医护人员(HCWs)面临着职业暴露于 CCHF 病毒的风险。伊朗医护人员对 CCHF 病毒的传播途径和风险知之甚少。因此,本研究旨在确定伊朗医护人员接触 CCHF 病毒的途径:方法:从 2000 年 10 月至 2023 年 2 月,采用 RT-PCR 和 IgM 捕获酶联免疫吸附试验(MAC-ELISA)对转诊至国家参考实验室的 96 名疑似 CCHF 医护人员进行了 CCHF 病毒感染检测,并调查了病例的接触史,以确定 CCHF 病毒在医院内的传播途径:结果:共发现12例CCHF确诊病例,包括7名护士和5名医生,中位年龄为32.5岁(23-53岁不等),中位潜伏期为6.8天(1-22天不等)。所有病例均无蜱虫叮咬史或与组织或动物血液密切接触史。病例分别来自拉扎维呼罗珊(7 例)、锡斯坦和俾路支斯坦(2 例)、伊斯法罕(1 例)、南呼罗珊(1 例)和法尔斯(1 例)。经皮暴露(针刺)(3 例)、粘膜暴露(血液溅到脸上)(3 例)和皮肤接触血液(3 例)是最常见的传播途径。自 2013 年以来,伊朗的医护人员中未发现慢性阻塞性肺疾病病例:结论:在医疗机构中,医生和护士有可能感染 CCHF 病毒。传播途径主要包括通过针刺、粘膜或皮肤直接接触受感染的血液进行直接暴露。持续的教育和感染预防与控制措施的实施是将与医疗保健相关的 CCHF 感染率降至最低的关键因素。
{"title":"Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever among healthcare workers in Iran 2000-2023, a report of National Reference Laboratory.","authors":"Mehdi Fazlalipour, Tahmineh Jalali, Roger Hewson, Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali, Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10199-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12879-024-10199-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a lethal acute viral zoonosis with a case fatality rate of 5-50%. Due to the potential of human-to human transmission of the disease, healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of occupational exposure to CCHF virus. Little is known about CCHF virus route of transmission and risks in Iranian HCWs. Therefore this study was designed to identify the routes of exposure to the CCHF virus among Iranian HCWs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From Oct 2000 to Feb 2023, 96 CCHF suspected healthcare workers referred to national reference laboratory were tested for CCHF virus infection by the use of RT-PCR and IgM Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (MAC-ELISA) and exposure history of cases were investigated to determine the CCHF virus routes of transmission in nosocomial settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve CCHF confirmed cases were identified including seven nurses and five physicians, with the median age of 32.5 years (range 23-53 years) and the median incubation period of 6.8 days (range from 1 to 22 days). None of the cases reported a history of tick bite or close contact with tissues or animal blood. The cases were from Razavi Khorasan (seven cases), Sistan and Baluchistan (two cases), Isfahan (one case), South Khorasan (one case) and Fars (one case). Percutaneous exposure (needle stick) (three cases), mucosal exposure (blood splash in to face) (three cases) and skin contact with blood (three cases) constituted the most prevalent routes of transmission. Since 2013, no CCHF cases have been identified among Iranian HCWs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In healthcare settings, physicians and nurses are at risk of nosocomial CCHF virus infection. The routes of transmission mainly include direct exposures via needle-stick, mucosal or direct contact with the skin to infected blood. Continuous education and implementation of infection prevention and control measures are key factors to minimize the incidence of healthcare related CCHF.</p>","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"24 1","pages":"1312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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