Selective response of artificial muscles to multiple stimuli under neural circuit control

Abstract

To reproduce the process of muscle fibers responding to electrical impulses and executing actions, a photosensitive neural circuit is designed to actuate a moving beam, translating ambient light signals into biological responses and movement processes. The mode selection and action mechanism of light signals on the moving beam are elucidated through dynamic analysis and the evolution of Hamilton energy. Activation of the neuron under single stimulus leads various oscillation modes in the beam, including bursting, spiking, and quasi-periodic oscillations. The beam preferentially responds to stimuli inducing quasi-periodic oscillation when dual stimuli are applied. And the beams are more sensitive to stimuli evoking spiking oscillation in the coupled system connected via electrical synapse. These results indicate synergistic and competitive effects of multiple stimuli in muscle movement, providing guidance for the design of intelligent prostheses that flexibly respond to different tasks and adapt to environmental changes.