High performance lanthanum-doped nickel cobalt ferrites on titanium carbide MXene electrode material for superior hybrid device and precision creatinine sensing

Abstract

This research introduces an innovative La@NiCoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂ hybrid material intended for dual use in energy storage and creatinine detection, connecting materials science with biological diagnostics. Creatinine, an essential biomarker for renal failure, requires sensitive and dependable detection techniques. Combining rare earth elements and 2D materials in supercapacitors gives enormous potential for creating efficient and environmentally friendly electrical systems and devices. By growing La@NiCoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles on few-layer Ti₃C₂ Nano flakes, a straightforward hydrothermal approach was used to produce La@NiCoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂ hybrid materials with various concentrations of MXene. La@NiCoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂ achieved the specific capacitance (Cs) of 2900 Fg⁻¹ at 1.5 Ag⁻¹. A hybrid device was fabricated using La@NiCoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂ as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode, demonstrating great potential for practical energy storage applications. The La@NiCoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂ electrode demonstrates the highest possible level of synergistic effects, with an impressively high energy density of 75 Whkg⁻¹ and exceptional cyclic stability of 87.7% capacitance retention (CR) after 5000 charging/discharging cycles. The power density of the device was 2900 Wkg⁻¹. With a strong correlation coefficient (R² = 0.99), the La@NiCoFe₂O₄@Ti₃C₂ electrochemical sensor can detect creatinine within a linear concentration range of 0 to 1000 μM. With energy storage functioning as a supplementary component, this study highlights the hybrid material's diagnostic capability and emphasizes its wider relevance in multifunctional systems for sustainability and healthcare.