Impact of BMI and Work Environment Circumstances on Prevalence and Severity of Chronic Pain among Nurses

Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between workplace conditions, demographic characteristics, and physical attributes with the prevalence and severity of chronic pain among nurses. The goal was to gain insights into the factors contributing to chronic pain within the nursing profession.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted among 415 nurses in Turkey using purposive convenience sampling. Data collection instruments included the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, a body diagram, a pain exacerbator/alleviator inquiry, and a socio-demographic form. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.

Results

The majority of participants were female nurses (87.7%) with a mean age of 34.62 ± 9.32 and a body mass index (BMI) of 24.51 ± 4.32. Nearly half reported irregular exercise habits (49.9%), and 36.1% indicated high levels of work-related stress. A significant proportion exhibited moderate levels of work-related anxiety (39%), smoked (40%), and consumed alcohol (37.1%). Chronic pain was experienced by 40.9% on most days, with the head and lumbar regions being the most affected (45.5% and 44.1%, respectively). The study identified a significant association between BMI and pain frequency (p = .043) and severity (p < .014). Furthermore, pain localization and management strategies varied between male and female nurses.

Discussion

The study's results underscore the substantial impact of chronic pain on nurses’ quality of life, activity levels, and work attendance. Notably, the study provides results that support the relationship between BMI and chronic pain. The study revealed gender-specific differences in pain localization and management strategies among nurses, highlighting the importance of gender-tailored interventions in chronic pain management among nurses.

Conclusion

Addressing the interplay between BMI, work-related factors, and chronic pain is vital for nurses’ well-being and a conducive work environment, potentially reducing financial costs associated with medical leave and absenteeism.