Effect of the turbulence atmosphere on the propagation characteristics of a modified anomalous vortex beam

Abstract

This paper examines the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the characteristics of a new laser beam called a modified anomalous vortex beam (MAVB). An analytical expression for the MAVB’s propagation through atmospheric turbulence is derived using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the Rytov method. Numerical simulations were performed to examine the impact of atmospheric turbulence and incident beam parameters on the average intensity of the MAVB. The results reveal that the received intensity is influenced by the structure constant of the turbulent atmosphere, propagation distance, and incident beam parameters, including the beam waist, topological charge, beam order, and modification parameter. It is demonstrated that the MAVB gradually loses its initial shape during propagation, transforming into a Gaussian-like beam at greater distances. The central peak rises more rapidly when the turbulence constant strength, modification parameter, or beam order is larger, while the Gaussian width or topological charge is smaller. The results can benefit atmospheric optics applications like free-space optical communications and remote sensing.