Trust in scientists, researchers, and environmental organizations associated with policy support for energy transition

Abstract

Energy transition, shifting away from fossil fuel use, is fundamental to addressing climate change. To explore public support for energy transition policies, we surveyed a representative sample of residents in Canada's largest province, Ontario, (N = 1620), and conducted regression analyses to examine how support varies with trust in the actors communicating these policies. Ontarians prefer ‘carrot’ policies—those offering direct benefits to households—over ‘stick’ policies. The most supported policies include the development of renewable natural gas, interest-free energy efficiency loan programs, and funding for low-income energy efficiency programs, while the least supported policies are a carbon tax, continued oil sands development, and the electrification of heating.

Ontarians have low to moderate levels of trust in governments at all levels, utilities, media, oil and gas companies, and to some extent in renewable energy companies. However they demonstrate consistently high trust in scientists, researchers, and non-profit organizations. Public support for policies in Ontario is influenced by trust in stakeholders and policymakers, with the relationship varying across different policies. We find Ontarians’ trust in scientists, researchers, and non-profit organizations is positively associated with supporting ‘emerging’ energy transition policies, such as the development of renewable natural gas and hydrogen.

Our findings suggest that policymakers seeking to advance energy transition policies can strengthen both effectiveness and public acceptance by engaging with trusted actors, such as scientists and non-profits, and leveraging their credibility. Furthermore, adopting inclusive and participatory planning processes that reflect public values and address equity concerns is crucial to fostering long-term trust and policy stability amidst the challenges of the energy transition.