Reducing cardiometabolic disease risk dietary pattern in the Chinese population with dyslipidemia: a single-center, open-label, randomized, dietary intervention study

Abstract

Background

There is no specific dietary pattern for cardiometabolic health based on Chinese food culture.

Objectives

The study aimed to develop and assess the efficacy of the reducing cardiometabolic disease risk (RCMDR) dietary pattern on cardiometabolic disease risk in the Chinese population with dyslipidemia.

Methods

In this single-center, open-label, randomized, 12-wk dietary intervention study, 100 adults aged 35–45 y with dyslipidemia were randomly assigned (1:1) to the RCMDR dietary pattern intervention or general health education control group.

Results

Compared with the control group, the RCMDR dietary pattern intervention resulted in a significantly lower clustered cardiometabolic risk score (primary outcome) (β: −0.17; 95% CI: −0.29, −0.05); diastolic blood pressure (β: −0.23; 95% CI: −0.40, −0.07); total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride (β: −0.27; 95% CI: −0.49, −0.04; β: −0.24; 95% CI: −0.41, −0.07; and β: −0.19; 95% CI: −0.35, −0.04, respectively); homocysteine (β: −0.19; 95% CI: −0.28, −0.09); waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, body fat mass, visceral adipose tissue, visceral fat area, and a significantly higher lean body mass (β: −1.12; 95% CI: −1.65, −0.59; β: −1.01; 95% CI: −1.66, −0.36; β: −1.43; 95% CI: −1.87, −0.98; β: −0.98; 95% CI: −1.35, −0.60; β: −1.93; 95% CI: −2.75, −1.11; β: −6.52; 95% CI: −9.10, −3.95; and β: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.65, respectively).

Conclusions

Compared with the control group, the RCMDR dietary pattern intervention lowers cardiometabolic risk, blood lipids, blood pressure, abdominal obesity, and circulating homocysteine concentration among Chinese population with dyslipidemia.

Clinical Trial Registry

This trial was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry as ChiCTR2300072472 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=198618).