{"title":"Distinct Characteristics of Heavy Metal and Water-Soluble Ion Composition in Hailstone: Insights Into Atmospheric Sources and Microphysical Processes","authors":"Yuqian Zhou, Xiaofei Li, Keke Ma, Huayu Huang, Qinghong Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113988","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The investigation of chemical composition in hailstones offers valuable insights into cloud physics. Unique characteristics of heavy metals and water-soluble ions have been detected to provide a comprehensive perspective on their presence and behavior within hailstones. 34 hailstone samples were collected from 12 cities in China between 2016 and 2021. Regional differences in heavy metal concentrations between northern and southern China are influenced by anthropogenic pollution sources. Water-soluble ions are dominated by distant marine aerosol sources. The most notable distinction is that heavy metals display negligible correlation with PM<sub>10</sub>, whereas water-soluble ions exhibit a statistically significant relationship. This suggests that chemical components contribute to hailstone formation through diverse pathways. Water-soluble ions with hygroscopicity primarily act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) to promote the formation of cloud droplets. Heavy metals are barely noticeable when attached to aerosol particles due to random collisions with various hydrometeors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113988","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geophysical Research Letters","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2024GL113988","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The investigation of chemical composition in hailstones offers valuable insights into cloud physics. Unique characteristics of heavy metals and water-soluble ions have been detected to provide a comprehensive perspective on their presence and behavior within hailstones. 34 hailstone samples were collected from 12 cities in China between 2016 and 2021. Regional differences in heavy metal concentrations between northern and southern China are influenced by anthropogenic pollution sources. Water-soluble ions are dominated by distant marine aerosol sources. The most notable distinction is that heavy metals display negligible correlation with PM10, whereas water-soluble ions exhibit a statistically significant relationship. This suggests that chemical components contribute to hailstone formation through diverse pathways. Water-soluble ions with hygroscopicity primarily act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) to promote the formation of cloud droplets. Heavy metals are barely noticeable when attached to aerosol particles due to random collisions with various hydrometeors.
期刊介绍：
Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.
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