Compression of Earth's Magnetopause Down to 5 RE During the Superstorm on 10 May 2024

IF 4.6 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI:10.1029/2024GL114040

W. D. Fu, H. S. Fu, W. Z. Zhang, Y. Yu, J. B. Cao

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Abstract

On 10 May 2024, a super space storm—characterized by the Dst index plummeting to −412 nT and induced by a strong coronal mass ejection on the Sun—attacked the Earth's magnetosphere. This geomagnetic storm, according to the human record of Dst index, is the third-strongest one throughout history (only slightly lower than those in 1989 and 2003). In such an extreme condition, how the magnetopause evolves and reforms remains unclear, because only a few spacecraft measurements were available in the dayside magnetosphere during previous events. Here, by utilizing in-situ measurements of multiple spacecraft together with ground magnetometers, we for the first time determine the extreme compression of the magnetopause from higher than 10 R_E down to 5 R_E. This observation of such severe deformation is also consistent with the prediction of the theoretical model. This study provides crucial insights into the extreme behavior of the magnetopause during the influence of a superstorm.

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来源期刊

Geophysical Research Letters 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

9.00

自引率

9.60%

发文量

1588

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.