Techno-economic analysis and optimization of renewable sources and battery energy storage system across diverse climatic zones considering gas and electrical utilities

Abstract

Renewables are considered eco-friendly due to less emission, sustainability, and economical basis. The study focuses on implementation of indigenous renewable generation sources across residential sector of different climatic zones of Pakistan. This study carried-out techno-economic, environmental, robust, and cost analysis. Techno-economic optimization is performed to minimize net present cost (NPC), Levelized cost of electricity (COE) and to maximize renewable fraction (RF) for micro grid of a residential sector. Central and North region has a viable profile for solar irradiance. On that account best MG configuration is PV-BESS along with DG. While for South region wind profile is profitable. So optimum MG configuration in most regions is PV-WT-BESS. A comparative comparison is made for base case having just diesel generator (DG) to fulfil load demand and proposed case having renewables along with DG. Results shows that by adding RERs not only Greenhouse gas emissions are minimizing but also renewable fraction is increased besides minimizing NPC and LCOE. This led us to satisfy SDG-7 and SDG-13. In proposed case another comparison is made between combination of utilities. First configuration has both gas and electrical utility while other has just electrical utility to fulfil load demand. Results show that electrical utility is more efficient and economical.