Functionalized biochar for the removal of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in aqueous media

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES iScience Pub Date : 2025-03-21 Epub Date: 2025-02-25 DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2025.112113

Sepideh Nasrollahpour , Rama Pulicharla , Satinder Kaur Brar

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Abstract

Biochar has gained attention as a promising adsorbent for removing various environmental pollutants due to its availability, cost-effectiveness, eco-friendly nature, and high adsorption capacity. This review focuses on using biochar to remove poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), emerging contaminants that pose significant environmental and health risks due to their toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation potential. The classification of biochar and using pristine and functionalized biochar for pollutant removal are addressed, along with an overview of the various functionalization techniques employed to enhance biochar’s adsorption capacity. Different factors influencing the removal of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), such as pH, the molecular chain length of PFAS, and biochar characteristics like pyrolysis temperature, particle size, and dosage, are investigated. Long-chain PFAS, such as perfluoro octane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are more effectively adsorbed than short-chain PFAS, with competitive sorption effects observed in mixed-solution environments. A decrease in pH, smaller biochar particle sizes, and optimized pyrolysis temperatures have been found to enhance biochar’s sorption capacity. Furthermore, biochar demonstrates higher efficiency in single-solution systems compared to mixed solutions when removing PFAS.

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功能化生物炭用于去除水介质中的聚氟烷基和全氟烷基物质

生物炭因其可获得性、经济性、环保性和高吸附容量等优点而成为一种有前途的去除各种环境污染物的吸附剂。本综述的重点是利用生物炭去除多氟烷基和全氟烷基物质（PFAS），这些新出现的污染物由于其毒性、持久性和生物蓄积潜力而对环境和健康构成重大风险。介绍了生物炭的分类以及使用原始和功能化的生物炭去除污染物，并概述了用于增强生物炭吸附能力的各种功能化技术。考察了pH、PFAS分子链长度、热解温度、粒径、投加量等生物炭特性对PFAS和多氟烷基物质去除率的影响。全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）等长链全氟辛烷磺酸比短链全氟辛烷磺酸更有效地被吸附，在混合溶液环境中观察到竞争性吸附效应。降低pH值、减小生物炭粒径和优化热解温度可以提高生物炭的吸附能力。此外，与混合溶液相比，生物炭在单一溶液系统中去除PFAS的效率更高。

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来源期刊

iScience Multidisciplinary-Multidisciplinary

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

1.70%

发文量

1972

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Science has many big remaining questions. To address them, we will need to work collaboratively and across disciplines. The goal of iScience is to help fuel that type of interdisciplinary thinking. iScience is a new open-access journal from Cell Press that provides a platform for original research in the life, physical, and earth sciences. The primary criterion for publication in iScience is a significant contribution to a relevant field combined with robust results and underlying methodology. The advances appearing in iScience include both fundamental and applied investigations across this interdisciplinary range of topic areas. To support transparency in scientific investigation, we are happy to consider replication studies and papers that describe negative results. We know you want your work to be published quickly and to be widely visible within your community and beyond. With the strong international reputation of Cell Press behind it, publication in iScience will help your work garner the attention and recognition it merits. Like all Cell Press journals, iScience prioritizes rapid publication. Our editorial team pays special attention to high-quality author service and to efficient, clear-cut decisions based on the information available within the manuscript. iScience taps into the expertise across Cell Press journals and selected partners to inform our editorial decisions and help publish your science in a timely and seamless way.