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Adolescence in crisis: Insights from the 2024 ESPAD report and a nursing perspective 危机中的青少年：来自2024年ESPAD报告和护理视角的见解

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114726

María José Ferreira Díaz

Around the world, adolescents are facing unprecedented levels of psychological distress, loneliness, and digital saturation. Data from the ESPAD 2024 survey, WHO’s Global Health Estimates, and UNICEF’s State of the World’s Children reveal a consistent decline in subjective well-being and a surge in anxiety, self-harm, and substance use. Despite an explosion of mental-health advocacy, the everyday environments where adolescents live and learn remain poorly equipped to foster resilience and belonging. This paradox—rising awareness but weakening support—marks a critical failure of preventive healthcare systems. By linking the 2024 ESPAD evidence with nursing science and educational reform, this perspective offers a methodologically rigorous and globally transferable model to address the adolescent well-being crisis through preventive, person-centered care.This perspective argues that the adolescent well-being crisis is not primarily a psychiatric phenomenon but a social and educational one. The dominance of therapeutic and pharmacological responses has obscured the preventive and relational dimensions of care. Nursing, with its foundations in empathy, communication, and community engagement, offers a pathway toward a new preventive paradigm—one that unites evidence and humanity. Drawing on nursing taxonomies (NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC) and contemporary pedagogical frameworks, this article reframes prevention as an educational and ethical responsibility that extends beyond clinical boundaries.By integrating insights from epidemiology, pedagogy, and nursing science, the article calls for a human-centered transformation of adolescent health policy and professional education. Empowering nurses to lead preventive action can bridge the gap between public-health data and lived experience, restoring emotional literacy, connection, and purpose among young people. The next revolution in adolescent mental health will not be purely technological or therapeutic—it will be profoundly human.

在世界各地，青少年正面临着前所未有的心理困扰、孤独和数字饱和。ESPAD 2024年调查、世卫组织《全球卫生估计》和联合国儿童基金会《世界儿童状况》的数据显示，主观幸福感持续下降，焦虑、自残和药物使用激增。尽管心理健康宣传激增，但青少年生活和学习的日常环境仍然缺乏培养韧性和归属感的能力。这种认识不断提高但支持不断减弱的矛盾现象标志着预防性医疗保健系统的严重失败。通过将2024年ESPAD证据与护理科学和教育改革联系起来，这一观点提供了一个方法严谨且全球可转移的模型，通过预防性、以人为本的护理来解决青少年福祉危机。这一观点认为，青少年健康危机主要不是一种精神现象，而是一种社会和教育现象。治疗和药理学反应的主导地位掩盖了护理的预防和相关方面。护理以同理心、沟通和社区参与为基础，提供了一条通往新的预防范例的途径——一种将证据和人性结合起来的范例。借鉴护理分类（NANDA-I、NIC和NOC）和当代教学框架，本文将预防重新定义为一种超越临床界限的教育和伦理责任。通过整合流行病学、教育学和护理科学的见解，文章呼吁以人为中心的青少年卫生政策和专业教育的转变。赋予护士领导预防行动的权力，可以弥合公共卫生数据与生活经验之间的差距，恢复年轻人的情感素养、联系和目标。青少年心理健康的下一次革命将不会是纯粹的技术或治疗——它将是深刻的人类革命。

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引用次数: 0

Agnostic capture of pathogens for the detection and diagnostics of emerging threats 不可知论捕获病原体，以检测和诊断新出现的威胁

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114684

Anastasiya Sakkos , Brandon Saint-John , Tomas Tyml , Eva Myskova , Lorenzo Aureli , Jamie L. Inman , Antoine M. Snijders , Nigel J. Mouncey , Harshini Mukundan , Frederik Schulz

The continued emergence of pathogens, whether novel, re-emerging, or engineered, poses a persistent global biosecurity and public health challenge. Recent outbreaks, including COVID-19, Lassa fever, Marburg virus, mpox, and avian influenza, underscore the urgent need for robust systems that enable rapid surveillance, early diagnosis, and timely countermeasures before widespread human transmission occurs. In this article, we focus on early detection technologies and systematically evaluate current diagnostic and sensing modalities. We highlight sequencing and spectroscopy as two complementary approaches capable of providing broad, agnostic detection and rich biological insight. Our analysis emphasizes that scientific innovation alone is insufficient: effective preparedness also requires improved data curation, integration, and sharing to build AI-ready resources that accelerate future responses. We argue for coordinated advances in both technological capabilities and supporting infrastructure to enable the rapid identification and characterization of emerging pathogens and to fully leverage modern science against evolving infectious threats.

病原体的不断出现，无论是新的、重新出现的还是经过改造的，都对全球生物安全和公共卫生构成了持续的挑战。最近爆发的疫情，包括COVID-19、拉沙热、马尔堡病毒、麻疹和禽流感，突出表明迫切需要建立强有力的系统，以便在发生广泛的人间传播之前实现快速监测、早期诊断和及时对策。在本文中，我们关注早期检测技术，并系统地评估当前的诊断和传感模式。我们强调测序和光谱学是两种互补的方法，能够提供广泛的，不可知论的检测和丰富的生物学见解。我们的分析强调，仅靠科学创新是不够的：有效的准备还需要改进数据管理、整合和共享，以构建人工智能就绪的资源，加速未来的应对。我们主张协调技术能力和配套基础设施的进步，以便能够快速识别和表征新出现的病原体，并充分利用现代科学来应对不断变化的传染性威胁。

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引用次数: 0

IGFBP3 induced by the TGF-β/EGFRvIII transactivation contributes to the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma TGF-β/EGFRvIII转激活诱导的IGFBP3参与了胶质母细胞瘤的恶性表型

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114661

Xuehua Zhang, Guoyan Wang, Yujiao Gong, Leilei Zhao, Ping Song, He Zhang, Yurui Zhang, Huanyu Ju, Xiaoyu Wang, Bin Wang, Huan Ren, Xiao Zhu, Yucui Dong

引用次数: 0

Botryococcus braunii lipid production pathways and biorefinery potential 布朗芽孢杆菌脂质产生途径和生物精炼潜力

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.114534

Callum Russell , Cristina Rodriguez , Ronnie Mooney , Shigeru Okada

Botryococcus braunii is a colonial microalga recognized for its ability to produce and secrete long-chain hydrocarbons, positioning it as a promising feedstock for biofuel and bioproduct applications. This review synthesizes current knowledge on race-specific hydrocarbon profiles, genetic markers for classification, and the biochemical pathways underlying lipid biosynthesis. It evaluates cultivation strategies alongside stress-based approaches to enhance productivity. Lipid recovery technologies are discussed with emphasis on sustainable, non-destructive methods such as milking and switchable solvents, which reduce energy demands and preserve cell viability. The integration of these processes within biorefinery frameworks highlights opportunities for the co-production of fuels and high-value compounds. By linking molecular insights with process engineering, this work underscores the potential of B. braunii to contribute to sustainable energy systems.

布朗杆菌是一种以生产和分泌长链碳氢化合物的能力而闻名的殖民地微藻，将其定位为生物燃料和生物产品应用的有前途的原料。本文综述了目前在种族特异性烃谱、分类遗传标记和脂质生物合成的生化途径方面的知识。它评估了种植策略和基于压力的方法来提高生产力。讨论了脂质回收技术，重点是可持续的，非破坏性的方法，如挤奶和可切换溶剂，减少能量需求和保持细胞活力。这些过程在生物炼制框架内的整合突出了共同生产燃料和高价值化合物的机会。通过将分子洞察力与过程工程联系起来，这项工作强调了布氏杆菌为可持续能源系统做出贡献的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Self-assembly of plant-derived bioactive nanostructures in traditional Chinese medicine 中药中植物源性生物活性纳米结构的自组装

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114667

Hongzheng Zhu , Mingyuan Liu , Zemin Wang , Ting Mao , Yuanyuan Wu , Zhonghong Wei , Xiaoman Li , Yin Lu

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) relies on plant-derived compounds to achieve therapeutic effects through multi-component and multi-level regulation. Increasing evidence indicates that many bioactive constituents in TCM can spontaneously self-assemble into nanoscale aggregates under aqueous or physiological conditions. This review summarizes current knowledge on the self-assembly behavior of representative plant-derived small molecules, including terpenoids, polyphenols, and alkaloids, and discusses their structural features, non-covalent interaction mechanisms, and experimental characterization strategies. We highlight how self-assembled nanostructures—such as nanoparticles, micelles, and hydrogels—exhibit improved solubility, stability, bioavailability, and delivery performance compared with free molecules. These assembly behaviors are closely coupled to molecular architecture and environmental responsiveness. By integrating supramolecular chemistry with traditional herbal pharmacology, this work provides a conceptual framework for understanding the material basis of TCM efficacy and supports the rational development of plant-derived nanomedicines with translational potential.

中药是依靠植物源性化合物通过多组分、多层次的调控来达到疗效的。越来越多的证据表明，中药中的许多生物活性成分可以在水或生理条件下自发地自组装成纳米级聚集体。本文综述了萜类、多酚类和生物碱等植物源性小分子的自组装行为，并讨论了它们的结构特征、非共价相互作用机制和实验表征策略。我们强调了与自由分子相比，自组装纳米结构（如纳米颗粒、胶束和水凝胶）如何表现出更好的溶解度、稳定性、生物利用度和传递性能。这些组装行为与分子结构和环境响应性密切相关。通过将超分子化学与传统草药药理学相结合，本研究为了解中药药效的物质基础提供了一个概念框架，并为具有转化潜力的植物源性纳米药物的合理开发提供了支持。

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引用次数: 0

Functional diversity of BAI1 (ADGRB1): From angiostasis to synaptic remodeling and disease therapeutics BAI1 （ADGRB1）的功能多样性：从血管抑制到突触重塑和疾病治疗

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114656

Aguo Li , Kenqi Zhang , Lei Tang , Xinyan Li , Xiaoye Huang , Jia Pan , Yijie Fang , Ping Xu , Jianhua Li , Hongyan Wang , Yong-Sheng Tu

Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1/ADGRB1), a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (ADGR) family, is regulated at the transcriptional level through epigenetic mechanisms (e.g., MBD2, EZH2, and p53) and alternative promoters, resulting in molecularly distinct isoforms via differential promoters usage (e.g., intron 17-derived variants) and post-translational processing (e.g., matrix metalloproteinase 14 [MMP-14]-mediated Vstat40 release). In cellular and animal studies, both the full-length BAI1 and its proteolytically released extracellular domains have been showed to exhibit multifaceted bioactivity, including inhibition of angiogenesis, suppression of tumor progression, and modulation of immune responses via interactions with CD36, integrins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). Furthermore, BAI1 plays crucial roles in neurodevelopmental processes such as synaptic plasticity, neuronal differentiation, and cellular debris clearance, with emerging links to neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite significant advances, critical gaps remain in understanding isoform-specific functions and activation mechanisms across different tissues. This review systematically integrates current knowledge on BAI1, focusing on its genomic regulatory mechanisms, structural isoform diversity, and multidimensional biological functions. It also underscores the need to explore the translational potential of BAI1 in oncology, neurodegenerative diseases, and immune dysregulation, which is essential for advancing our understanding of this complex receptor and its therapeutic applications.

脑特异性血管生成抑制剂1 （BAI1/ADGRB1）是粘附G蛋白偶联受体（ADGR）家族的一员，在转录水平上通过表观遗传机制（如MBD2、EZH2和p53）和替代启动子进行调控，通过不同启动子的使用（如内含子17衍生的变体）和翻译后加工（如基质金属蛋白酶14 [MMP-14]介导的Vstat40释放）产生不同的分子异构体。在细胞和动物研究中，全长BAI1及其蛋白水解释放的细胞外结构域都显示出多方面的生物活性，包括抑制血管生成，抑制肿瘤进展，以及通过与CD36、整合素、脂多糖（LPS）和磷脂酰丝氨酸（PtdSer）的相互作用调节免疫反应。此外，BAI1在突触可塑性、神经元分化和细胞碎片清除等神经发育过程中起着至关重要的作用，并与神经精神疾病有关。尽管取得了重大进展，但在了解不同组织的异构体特异性功能和激活机制方面仍存在关键差距。本文对BAI1的基因组调控机制、结构异构体多样性和多维生物学功能等方面的研究进行了综述。这也强调了探索BAI1在肿瘤、神经退行性疾病和免疫失调中的转化潜力的必要性，这对于提高我们对这种复杂受体及其治疗应用的理解至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Erratum: Integrated transmission-reflection strong-field terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. 勘误：综合透射反射强场太赫兹时域光谱学。

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 eCollection Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.114599

Jianghao Li, Aojie Xu, Deyin Kong, Jiahua Cai, Wenhao Qu, Zijian Zhang, Mingxuan Zhang, Yuyang Liu, Yilin Yang, Sinan Weng, Xiaojun Wu

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.114263.].

[这更正了文章DOI: 10.1016/j.i ssn .2025.114263.]。

引用次数: 0

Research progress in triboelectric nanogenerators based on new inorganic materials 新型无机材料摩擦电纳米发电机的研究进展

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.114601

Meng-Nan Liu , Xu Li , Gang Zheng , Fang Yin , Ru Li , Jun Zhang , Seeram Ramakrishna , Yun-Ze Long

Based on contact electrification and electrostatic induction, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a prominent technology for mechanical energy harvesting and conversion. Recent advances have been driven by new inorganic materials, including perovskites, graphene and its derivatives, transition metal dichalcogenides, MXenes, metal-organic frameworks, liquid metals, and high-entropy alloys. Their unique electrical, photoelectric, magnetic, and interfacial properties, reinforced by innovations in triboelectric materials, surface functionalization, and device structure, have led to significant improvements in energy conversion efficiency and environmental stability. Key mechanisms, such as band structure modulation, surface charge optimization, and interfacial engineering, not only enhance output performance but also endow TENGs with intelligence and multifunctionality, expanding applications in flexible electronics and environmental monitoring. Despite progress, challenges remain, including unclear interfacial coupling dynamics and limitations in large-scale manufacturing. This review examines current applications, highlights key scientific issues, and provides design insights to guide next-generation high-performance TENGs development.

摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）是基于接触通电和静电感应的一种重要的机械能量收集和转换技术。最近的进展是由新的无机材料推动的，包括钙钛矿、石墨烯及其衍生物、过渡金属二硫族化合物、MXenes、金属有机框架、液态金属和高熵合金。它们独特的电、光电、磁和界面性能，通过摩擦电材料、表面功能化和器件结构的创新得到加强，显著提高了能量转换效率和环境稳定性。关键机制，如带结构调制、表面电荷优化和界面工程，不仅提高了输出性能，而且赋予了teng智能和多功能性，扩大了在柔性电子和环境监测方面的应用。尽管取得了进展，但挑战依然存在，包括界面耦合动力学不清楚和大规模制造的局限性。本文综述了目前的应用，突出了关键的科学问题，并为指导下一代高性能teng的发展提供了设计见解。

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引用次数: 0

Histone methyltransferase SET-18/SMYD2-mediated activation of NADase TIR-1d/SARM1 increases mtROS to promote aging 组蛋白甲基转移酶SET-18/ smyd2介导的NADase TIR-1d/SARM1激活增加mtROS，促进衰老

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114649

Dongxue Xue , Xin Su , Aaron Pambu Lelo , Yongjun Zhang , Xueqing Ba , Cheng-gang Zou , Aohe Ma , Yao Liu , Xiaoxue Li

Histone lysine methylation regulates the expressions of mitochondrial function-related genes, which presents a “nucleus-to-mitochondria” signal communication, playing a key role in aging control. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive due to the complexity of histone lysine methylation in transcription modulation. In this study, using C. elegans and mouse C2C12 cell-differentiated myotubes as research models, we found that histone H3K36me2 methyltransferase SET-18/SMYD2 were responsible for the increase of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) accumulation during aging. Mechanistically, SET-18/SMYD2-mediated H3K36me2 modification upregulated the expression of NADase tir-1 isoform d (tir-1d)/sarm1 to decrease NAD⁺ level. Consequently, mtROS level was elevated, which resulted in shortened worm lifespan as well as accelerated mouse myotubes atrophy (a hallmark of muscle aging). These findings proposed that mtROS generation is actively regulated other than passively accumulated in aging process, and revealed a “H3K36me2-NADase-mtROS” signaling axis of “nucleus-to-mitochondria” communication to modulate aging, which is conserved from C. elegans to mammals.

组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化调节线粒体功能相关基因的表达，实现“核-线粒体”信号通讯，在衰老控制中起关键作用。然而，由于组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化在转录调节中的复杂性，其潜在机制仍然难以捉摸。本研究以秀丽隐杆线虫和小鼠C2C12细胞分化的肌管为研究模型，发现组蛋白H3K36me2甲基转移酶SET-18/SMYD2与衰老过程中线粒体活性氧（mtROS）积累增加有关。机制上，SET-18/ smyd2介导的H3K36me2修饰上调NADase tir-1异构体d (tir-1d)/sarm1的表达，降低NAD+水平。因此，mtROS水平升高，导致蠕虫寿命缩短，并加速小鼠肌管萎缩（肌肉老化的标志）。这些发现表明，在衰老过程中，mtROS的产生不是被动积累，而是受到主动调节，并揭示了“核-线粒体”通讯的“H3K36me2-NADase-mtROS”信号轴调控衰老，这一信号轴从线虫到哺乳动物都保守存在。

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引用次数: 0

Patient-derived organoid xenografts model esophageal cancer cachexia and enable assessment of anti-inflammatory drug repositioning 患者来源的类器官异种移植物模拟食管癌恶病质并能够评估抗炎药物重新定位

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.114638

Bryan Chee-chad Lung , Alvin Ka-kiu Leung , Carissa Wing-Yan Wong , Ian Yu-hong Wong , Cheryl Chee Heng Lung , Anthony Wing-ip Lo , Josephine Mun-Yee Ko , Wei Dai , Dora Lai-wan Kwong , Simon Law , Maria Li Lung , Valen Zhuoyou Yu

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is highly associated with cancer cachexia, a wasting syndrome lacking effective treatments. Existing animal models fail to capture key clinical and biological features of this condition. Here, we established a panel of patient-derived organoid xenograft (PDOX) models that authentically replicate the heterogeneity of ESCC-associated cachexia in immunodeficient mice. PDOX lines exhibited slow tumor growth compared with traditional ESCC xenografts. Heterogeneous cachexia phenotypes in PDOX-bearing mice, as compared with non-tumor-bearing mice, including body weight loss, reduction in adipose tissue, reduced grip strength, and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, were observed. Using this platform, we tested two macrophage-targeting interventions: 10 mg/kg/day rosiglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist, and 40 mg/kg/day pexidartinib (PLX3397), a CSF1R inhibitor. Both drugs significantly attenuated cachexia-associated functional decline and systemic inflammation. Transcriptomic analyses confirmed suppression of pro-cachectic cytokine signaling. This study presents a clinically relevant platform for preclinical cachexia research and supports macrophage modulation as a potential anti-cachexia strategy.

食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）与癌症恶病质高度相关，这是一种缺乏有效治疗的消耗综合征。现有的动物模型无法捕捉到这种疾病的关键临床和生物学特征。在这里，我们建立了一组患者来源的类器官异种移植（PDOX）模型，真实地复制了免疫缺陷小鼠escc相关恶病质的异质性。与传统ESCC异种移植物相比，PDOX系肿瘤生长缓慢。与非肿瘤小鼠相比，在携带pdox的小鼠中观察到异质恶病质表型，包括体重减轻、脂肪组织减少、握力降低和促炎细胞因子升高。利用这个平台，我们测试了两种巨噬细胞靶向干预措施：10mg /kg/天罗格列酮（一种PPAR-γ激动剂）和40mg /kg/天培西达替尼（PLX3397）（一种CSF1R抑制剂）。这两种药物都能显著减轻恶病质相关的功能下降和全身炎症。转录组学分析证实了前病毒质细胞因子信号的抑制。本研究为临床前恶病质研究提供了一个临床相关的平台，并支持巨噬细胞调节作为一种潜在的抗恶病质策略。

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