A Comprehensive Review of the Health Benefits, Nutritional Composition, and Agricultural Aspects of Sesame Seeds

Abstract

Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum) are considered valuable for their nutritional qualities and wide range of uses in several sectors of the global economy. Bioactive substances such as lignans, phytosterols, γ-tocopherol, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tryptophan which have strong anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and antioxidant properties are present in them. In addition, sesame seeds contribute to human health by offering vital elements like protein, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. The bioavailability of these nutrients has been enhanced by recent developments in processing technologies and agricultural methods. Apart from the food industry, sesame seeds are also being used extensively in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial sectors, such as in the manufacturing of biodiesel and animal feed. This review highlights the potential contribution of sesame seeds to sustainable food systems by compiling the most recent research on their nutritional makeup, health advantages, and variety of uses.