Bioremediation of non-point hydrogen sulfide emissions using bacterial cellulose/activated carbon membrane.

Abstract

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas, characterized by its low odor threshold and toxicity, poses significant challenges in non-point source odor management. Traditional biotechnologies are effective in removing malodorous gases from point sources but they are limited for non-point source odor control.

Results: In this study, the sqr and pdo genes from Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 were introduced into the bacterial cellulose-producing strain Kosakonia oryzendophytica FY-07. This genetic modification enhanced the strain's sulfur oxidation capacity, which increased over time, with an average transformation capacity of approximately 275 mg·L^- 1·day^- 1. By incorporating 1% activated carbon, an efficient, naturally degradable bio-composite membrane was developed, achieving a maximum H₂S adsorption capacity of 7.3 g·m^- 3·day^- 1. FY-07 remained stable in soil and improved the microbial community for H₂S treatment.

Conclusion: The resulting bio-composite membrane is environment-friendly and efficient, making it suitable for emergency odor control in landfills. This study offers recommendations for using membrane materials in managing non-point hydrogen sulfide emissions.