Diffusive smoothing CFD-DEM simulations with particle-scale mass transfer in LBE solid-phase oxygen control systems

IF 4.1 2区 材料科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Particuology Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1016/j.partic.2025.02.019
Yuqi Zhu , Hao Wu , Fang Liu , Yang Liu , Fenglei Niu , Jiyuan Tu
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Abstract

The coupled CFD-DEM simulations are widely recognized as a powerful approach for analyzing various particle-fluid systems. In lead-bismuth nuclear reactors, the liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy is employed as the coolant, and the solid-phase oxygen control is a key technique for corrosion mitigation. In this work, diffusive smoothing CFD-DEM simulations are performed to investigate the particle-scale mass transfer behaviors of LBE solid-phase oxygen control loops. The dissolution of the lead oxide particle within the mass exchanger serves as the source term of the mass transfer processes. In the current model, the fluid flow, particle motion, particle-fluid interaction forces, and the mass transfer of oxygen concentration in LBE are incorporated in the governing equations. When the CFD cell size is smaller than the particle diameter, the diffusive smoothing method is proposed to calculate the void fraction field. Compared with the experimental results, the numerical simulations give a satisfactory prediction of the flow dynamics and particle-scale mass transfer. In the small-sized experiment, the total dissolution rate is about 0.0031 g/h at 380 °C, and it is notably lower than the oxygen consumption in a full-scale megawatt-level lead-bismuth reactor. A large-scale mass exchanger is designed, and the numerical simulations indicate that the oxygen control system achieves a dissolution rate ranging from 5.28 to 23.74 g/h at temperatures of 380–420 °C. It is sufficient to meet the expected oxygen consumption of 4.5 g/h in the nuclear reactor. The diffusive smoothing CFD-DEM approach provides a robust tool for the design and optimization of oxygen control loops of advanced lead-bismuth fast nuclear reactors.

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来源期刊
Particuology
Particuology 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
2.90%
发文量
1730
审稿时长
32 days
期刊介绍: The word ‘particuology’ was coined to parallel the discipline for the science and technology of particles. Particuology is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes frontier research articles and critical reviews on the discovery, formulation and engineering of particulate materials, processes and systems. It especially welcomes contributions utilising advanced theoretical, modelling and measurement methods to enable the discovery and creation of new particulate materials, and the manufacturing of functional particulate-based products, such as sensors. Papers are handled by Thematic Editors who oversee contributions from specific subject fields. These fields are classified into: Particle Synthesis and Modification; Particle Characterization and Measurement; Granular Systems and Bulk Solids Technology; Fluidization and Particle-Fluid Systems; Aerosols; and Applications of Particle Technology. Key topics concerning the creation and processing of particulates include: -Modelling and simulation of particle formation, collective behaviour of particles and systems for particle production over a broad spectrum of length scales -Mining of experimental data for particle synthesis and surface properties to facilitate the creation of new materials and processes -Particle design and preparation including controlled response and sensing functionalities in formation, delivery systems and biological systems, etc. -Experimental and computational methods for visualization and analysis of particulate system. These topics are broadly relevant to the production of materials, pharmaceuticals and food, and to the conversion of energy resources to fuels and protection of the environment.
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