Amniotic band syndrome: Insights from first documented case report in Somalia's low-resource setting

Abstract

Introduction

Amniotic Band Syndrome (ABS) is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from the entanglement of fetal body parts in ruptured amniotic bands, leading to structural abnormalities. It is associated with significant stillbirth rates and presents various manifestations affecting limbs and other regions. This report documents the first case of ABS in Somalia.

Case presentation

A term neonate was delivered vaginally at 37 weeks and 2 days to a 28-year-old woman with a history of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). The infant presented with a constriction ring on the right forearm and bilateral clubfoot, but normal limb function and perfusion. Antenatal ultrasounds indicated normal development and moderate oligohydramnios; Doppler ultrasound ruled out vascular compromise.

Discussion

The diagnosis of ABS was made postnatally, revealing gaps in prenatal detection capabilities. Conservative management, including local wound care, resulted in satisfactory outcomes. The etiology supports the “extrinsic theory,” linking limb malformations to amniotic rupture. This case highlights the need for improved prenatal screening and training for healthcare providers in Somalia to enhance early detection of congenital anomalies.

Conclusion

This case underscores the importance of recognizing ABS and improving healthcare practices for congenital anomaly management in resource-limited settings.