Saja Q. Ali , Duha A. Kadhim , Asmaa Hadi Mohammed , Raghad S. Mohammed , Muslim A. Abid , Sara A. Athari
{"title":"Green synthesis of α-MnO2/Ag nanocomposite using Malva parviflora (Khabbaz) extract for antimicrobial activity","authors":"Saja Q. Ali , Duha A. Kadhim , Asmaa Hadi Mohammed , Raghad S. Mohammed , Muslim A. Abid , Sara A. Athari","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101467","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The green synthesis method was used to make alpha manganese dioxide (α-MnO₂), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), and alpha-manganese dioxide/silver nanocomposite (α-MnO₂/Ag NCs) from the <em>Malva parviflora plant leaves</em> extract. The XRD patterns, FE-SEM analysis, AFM device, EDX spectrum, and UV–visible spectrum were used to characterize the α-MnO₂ NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO₂/Ag NCs. Crystal structure and crystal size values were determined through XRD patterns. The XRD results show that α-MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO<sub>2</sub>/Ag NCs have a tetragonal and cubic shape, with crystallite sizes ranging from 13 to 25 nm, 14–38 nm, and 13–40 nm, respectively. This study also used FE-SEM to show that the α-MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO<sub>2</sub>/Ag NCs particles are very small, measuring 38.44, 30.04, and 58.07 nm, in that order. The AFM scans showed that the α-MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO<sub>2</sub>/Ag NCs were half-spherical and spherical, and their sizes ranged from 72.8 to 159.3 nm. The EDX spectrum and image showed α-MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO<sub>2</sub>/Ag NCs that were pure and had Mn and Ag in them. The UV-Vis spectrum shows the energy band gaps of 5, 5.3, and 6.2 eV for α-MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO<sub>2</sub>/Ag NCs, respectively. The diffusion method was used to look at the areas where α-MnO<sub>2</sub> NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO<sub>2</sub>/Ag NCs stopped bacteria from growing. This study found that the inhibition zones for gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidemidis) were 16.00–19.00 % mm, 14.00–17.00 mm, and 15.00–17.67 mm in size. For gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia), they were 13.00–16.00 mm, 13.00–14.00 mm, and 14.00–20.67 mm in size. For fungi, the inhibition zone diameters (IZDs) were 4.67 ± 0.58 mm, 15.00 ± 0.00 mm, and 14.00 ± 0.58 mm, respectively. Using a green synthesis method to mix the <em>Malva parviflora</em> plant leaves extract with MnNO<sub>3</sub> and AgNO<sub>3</sub> salt is a pretty new idea that hasn't been seen in any study papers yet, as far as the author knows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101467"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4500,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","FirstCategoryId":"1","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352507X2500037X","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Physics and Astronomy","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The green synthesis method was used to make alpha manganese dioxide (α-MnO₂), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), and alpha-manganese dioxide/silver nanocomposite (α-MnO₂/Ag NCs) from the Malva parviflora plant leaves extract. The XRD patterns, FE-SEM analysis, AFM device, EDX spectrum, and UV–visible spectrum were used to characterize the α-MnO₂ NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO₂/Ag NCs. Crystal structure and crystal size values were determined through XRD patterns. The XRD results show that α-MnO2 NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO2/Ag NCs have a tetragonal and cubic shape, with crystallite sizes ranging from 13 to 25 nm, 14–38 nm, and 13–40 nm, respectively. This study also used FE-SEM to show that the α-MnO2 NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO2/Ag NCs particles are very small, measuring 38.44, 30.04, and 58.07 nm, in that order. The AFM scans showed that the α-MnO2 NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO2/Ag NCs were half-spherical and spherical, and their sizes ranged from 72.8 to 159.3 nm. The EDX spectrum and image showed α-MnO2 NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO2/Ag NCs that were pure and had Mn and Ag in them. The UV-Vis spectrum shows the energy band gaps of 5, 5.3, and 6.2 eV for α-MnO2 NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO2/Ag NCs, respectively. The diffusion method was used to look at the areas where α-MnO2 NPs, Ag NPs, and α-MnO2/Ag NCs stopped bacteria from growing. This study found that the inhibition zones for gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidemidis) were 16.00–19.00 % mm, 14.00–17.00 mm, and 15.00–17.67 mm in size. For gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia), they were 13.00–16.00 mm, 13.00–14.00 mm, and 14.00–20.67 mm in size. For fungi, the inhibition zone diameters (IZDs) were 4.67 ± 0.58 mm, 15.00 ± 0.00 mm, and 14.00 ± 0.58 mm, respectively. Using a green synthesis method to mix the Malva parviflora plant leaves extract with MnNO3 and AgNO3 salt is a pretty new idea that hasn't been seen in any study papers yet, as far as the author knows.
期刊介绍:
Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects is a new journal devoted to all aspects of the synthesis and the properties of this new flourishing domain. The journal is devoted to novel architectures at the nano-level with an emphasis on new synthesis and characterization methods. The journal is focused on the objects rather than on their applications. However, the research for new applications of original nano-structures & nano-objects in various fields such as nano-electronics, energy conversion, catalysis, drug delivery and nano-medicine is also welcome. The scope of Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects involves: -Metal and alloy nanoparticles with complex nanostructures such as shape control, core-shell and dumbells -Oxide nanoparticles and nanostructures, with complex oxide/metal, oxide/surface and oxide /organic interfaces -Inorganic semi-conducting nanoparticles (quantum dots) with an emphasis on new phases, structures, shapes and complexity -Nanostructures involving molecular inorganic species such as nanoparticles of coordination compounds, molecular magnets, spin transition nanoparticles etc. or organic nano-objects, in particular for molecular electronics -Nanostructured materials such as nano-MOFs and nano-zeolites -Hetero-junctions between molecules and nano-objects, between different nano-objects & nanostructures or between nano-objects & nanostructures and surfaces -Methods of characterization specific of the nano size or adapted for the nano size such as X-ray and neutron scattering, light scattering, NMR, Raman, Plasmonics, near field microscopies, various TEM and SEM techniques, magnetic studies, etc .