Asrar Elahi, Warwick Duncan, Kai Chun Li, Tanmoy Bhattacharjee, Dawn Coates
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Bone loss resulting in large bony defects presents a significant challenge for surgeons. In cases requiring reconstruction, bone “block” grafts that have the key attributes of both physical robustness and biocompatibility are required to facilitate bone healing and regeneration. Current technologies employed for the development of block grafts often result in constructs with suboptimal strength and integration. This study aimed to develop a bovine-derived bone block graft using the process of supercritical fluid (SCF) extraction to maintain mechanical strength and biocompatibility. Bone blocks were prepared from the condyles of bovine femurs. After optimization, the blocks were divided into six groups; Group 1: Raw bone, Group 2: SCF–CO2, Groups 3: SCF–CO2–H2O2, and Group 4: SCF–CO2–H2O2 + Pepsin. Characterization of the constructs included analysis of organic material (thermogravimetric analysis, TGA), crystallinity using x-ray diffraction (XRD), surface topography with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemical composition using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Mechanical strength was assessed using compression testing, and clinically relevant handling was investigated with a bench-top drill test. Biological testing was carried out in vitro using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). The SCF-treated bone blocks showed promising results with enhanced mechanical strength (raw bone [mean = 23.01 8.9 MPa], SCF–CO2–H2O2 [mean = 48.9 ± 11.6 MPa], p < 0.0001) reduced organic content (raw bone = 17.6%, SCF–CO2–H2O2 + Pepsin = 12.4%), and significantly higher hBMSCs' metabolic activity on the SCF–CO2 and SCF–CO2 + H2O2 compared to Bio-Oss at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h (p < 0.05). SEM photomicrographs showed reduced debris in trabecular structures with open pores after SCF–CO2 treatment, especially in SCF–CO2–H2O2 + Pepsin blocks. Moreover, the bench-top clinical handling test demonstrated the ease of block fixation with surgical screws. Overall, the SCF–CO2 and posttreatments of bovine block grafts showed potential for clinical application.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A is an international, interdisciplinary, English-language publication of original contributions concerning studies of the preparation, performance, and evaluation of biomaterials; the chemical, physical, toxicological, and mechanical behavior of materials in physiological environments; and the response of blood and tissues to biomaterials. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed articles on all relevant biomaterial topics including the science and technology of alloys,polymers, ceramics, and reprocessed animal and human tissues in surgery,dentistry, artificial organs, and other medical devices. The Journal also publishes articles in interdisciplinary areas such as tissue engineering and controlled release technology where biomaterials play a significant role in the performance of the medical device.
The Journal of Biomedical Materials Research is the official journal of the Society for Biomaterials (USA), the Japanese Society for Biomaterials, the Australasian Society for Biomaterials, and the Korean Society for Biomaterials.
Articles are welcomed from all scientists. Membership in the Society for Biomaterials is not a prerequisite for submission.