Cognitive disengagement syndrome and depressive symptoms in early adolescents: Examining the moderating role of a negative interpretation bias.

IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1111/jcpp.14156
Melissa C Miller, Olivia R Baron, Jeffery N Epstein, Leanne Tamm, Alex C Nyquist, Stephen P Becker
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Abstract

Background: Despite previous research demonstrating an independent association between cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS; previously termed sluggish cognitive tempo) and depressive symptoms, studies have yet to examine what factors may moderate this link. A negative interpretation bias (i.e., maladaptive information processing whereby emotionally aversive meaning is perceived in ambiguous situations) is associated with the development and maintenance of depression and may moderate the association between CDS and depression. Using a multi-informant, multi-method design, this study examined whether negative interpretation bias exacerbated the association between CDS and depressive symptoms.

Methods: 336 adolescents (ages 10-12 years; 52.7% female; 61.9% White) and their caregivers completed measures of CDS and depressive symptoms. Adolescents completed the Scrambled Sentences Test, a task-based measure of interpretation bias. Regression analyses were conducted to examine interpretation bias as a potential moderator of the association between CDS and depressive symptoms.

Results: For adolescent-reported depressive symptoms, higher caregiver- and adolescent-reported CDS symptoms and interpretation bias scores were each independently associated with higher depressive symptoms (all ps < .01), but CDS and interpretation bias did not interact in predicting depression (ps > .05). By contrast, significant CDS symptoms × interpretation bias interactions were found in models using both caregiver- and adolescent-reported CDS symptoms in relation to caregiver-reported depressive symptoms (ps = .01 and .003, respectively), such that CDS was more strongly associated with depression at higher levels of interpretation bias.

Conclusions: Negative interpretation bias strengthens the association between CDS symptoms and depressive symptoms when depressive symptoms are rated by caregivers, but not by adolescents. Findings highlight the importance of multiple informants when examining CDS and internalizing symptoms, with a need for longitudinal research to examine CDS and interpretation bias in relation to the progression and maintenance of depression across adolescence.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.80
自引率
5.30%
发文量
169
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JCPP) is a highly regarded international publication that focuses on the fields of child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry. It is recognized for publishing top-tier, clinically relevant research across various disciplines related to these areas. JCPP has a broad global readership and covers a diverse range of topics, including: Epidemiology: Studies on the prevalence and distribution of mental health issues in children and adolescents. Diagnosis: Research on the identification and classification of childhood disorders. Treatments: Psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions for child and adolescent mental health. Behavior and Cognition: Studies on the behavioral and cognitive aspects of childhood disorders. Neuroscience and Neurobiology: Research on the neural and biological underpinnings of child mental health. Genetics: Genetic factors contributing to the development of childhood disorders. JCPP serves as a platform for integrating empirical research, clinical studies, and high-quality reviews from diverse perspectives, theoretical viewpoints, and disciplines. This interdisciplinary approach is a key feature of the journal, as it fosters a comprehensive understanding of child and adolescent mental health. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry is published 12 times a year and is affiliated with the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (ACAMH), which supports the journal's mission to advance knowledge and practice in the field of child and adolescent mental health.
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