The relationship between motor competence and executive function as influenced by age, sex, and family socio-economic status.

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Frontiers in Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-27 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1544168

Behrouz Ghorbanzadeh, Behzad Mohammadi Orangi, Tolga Sahin

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Abstract

Introduction: Motor Competence (MC) plays a fundamental role in physical, cognitive, and social development, while executive function (EF) is a key factor influencing MC. The primary objective of this study was to compare MC across three age groups (children, adolescents, and young adults), sex, and socio-economic status (SES). The main aim was to investigate the relationship between MC and EF and to determine whether age, sex, and SES could modify this relationship.

Methods: This descriptive-correlational study evaluated 475 participants from three age groups (8-11, 12-15, and 18-21 years). MC was measured using the BOT-2 test, and EF was assessed with the Stroop test. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression analysis.

Results: Findings revealed that MC was higher in children compared to adolescents and young adults, and higher SES was associated with better MC, whereas sex had no significant effect on MC. Additionally, a strong positive relationship (44%) was identified between EF and MC, with this relationship being moderated by age, sex, and SES.

Discussion: The results indicated that MC and EF are influenced by the interaction of individual (age and sex) and environmental (SES) constraints. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating these factors into educational and sports planning for more holistic development.

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受年龄、性别和家庭社会经济地位影响的运动能力与执行功能之间的关系。

运动能力（MC）在身体、认知和社会发展中起着至关重要的作用，而执行功能（EF）是影响MC的关键因素。本研究的主要目的是比较三个年龄组（儿童、青少年和年轻人）、性别和社会经济地位（SES）的MC。主要目的是探讨MC和EF之间的关系，并确定年龄、性别和社会经济地位是否可以改变这种关系。方法：这项描述性相关研究评估了来自3个年龄组（8-11岁、12-15岁和18-21岁）的475名参与者。MC采用BOT-2测试，EF采用Stroop测试。数据分析采用独立t检验、单因素方差分析和线性回归分析。结果：研究结果显示，与青少年和年轻人相比，儿童的MC更高，较高的社会地位与更好的MC相关，而性别对MC没有显著影响。此外，EF和MC之间存在很强的正相关关系（44%），这种关系被年龄、性别和社会地位所调节。讨论：研究结果表明，MC和EF受个体（年龄和性别）和环境（SES）约束的相互作用影响。这些发现强调了将这些因素纳入教育和体育规划以实现更全面发展的重要性。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

13.20%

发文量

7396

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Psychology is the largest journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the psychological sciences, from clinical research to cognitive science, from perception to consciousness, from imaging studies to human factors, and from animal cognition to social psychology. Field Chief Editor Axel Cleeremans at the Free University of Brussels is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. The journal publishes the best research across the entire field of psychology. Today, psychological science is becoming increasingly important at all levels of society, from the treatment of clinical disorders to our basic understanding of how the mind works. It is highly interdisciplinary, borrowing questions from philosophy, methods from neuroscience and insights from clinical practice - all in the goal of furthering our grasp of human nature and society, as well as our ability to develop new intervention methods.