Recent advances in zinc-based metal matrix composites: Fabrication, properties, and future prospects

Khursheed Ahmad Sheikh, Mohammad Mohsin Khan
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Abstract

Zinc-based metal matrix composites (MMCs) represent a significant advancement in materials engineering due to their exceptional combination of mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties. Reinforced with ceramics or other materials, these composites offer superior wear resistance, strength, and stability, making them valuable for industries like automotive, aerospace, and biomedical devices. Despite their promising properties, zinc-based MMCs face challenges related to cost-effective manufacturing, optimization of reinforcement materials, and balancing mechanical performance with weight and ductility. This comprehensive review explores the current state of zinc-based composites, detailing the fabrication techniques, microstructural features, physical and mechanical properties that define their performance. Special emphasis is placed on the impact of reinforcements on hardness, tensile strength, and thermal stability, alongside challenges like porosity, grain refinement, and interface bonding. Manufacturing techniques such as stir casting, powder metallurgy, and spark plasma sintering are highlighted for their roles in shaping material performance. Furthermore, it highlights emerging applications and potential future directions, emphasizing the need for continued innovation in the development of hybrid composites and the application of advanced characterization techniques. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable guidance for optimizing zinc-based MMCs to meet specific industrial requirements and supports ongoing research into this versatile class of materials.
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锌基金属基复合材料(MMC)集机械、热和摩擦学特性于一身,是材料工程领域的一大进步。这些复合材料以陶瓷或其他材料为增强材料,具有优异的耐磨性、强度和稳定性,因此对汽车、航空航天和生物医学设备等行业具有重要价值。尽管锌基 MMC 具有良好的性能,但在成本效益制造、增强材料优化以及平衡机械性能与重量和延展性等方面仍面临挑战。本综述探讨了锌基复合材料的现状,详细介绍了决定其性能的制造技术、微观结构特征、物理和机械性能。特别强调了增强材料对硬度、拉伸强度和热稳定性的影响,以及孔隙率、晶粒细化和界面结合等难题。书中重点介绍了搅拌铸造、粉末冶金和火花等离子烧结等制造技术在塑造材料性能方面的作用。此外,报告还重点介绍了新兴应用和潜在的未来发展方向,强调了在开发混合复合材料和应用先进表征技术方面持续创新的必要性。这一全面的分析为优化锌基 MMC 以满足特定的工业要求提供了宝贵的指导,并为这一类多功能材料的持续研究提供了支持。
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