What incentives motivate smallholder farmers to reduce deforestation? Evidence from Nigeria's rainforest region

IF 2.7 Q1 FORESTRY Trees, Forests and People Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI:10.1016/j.tfp.2025.100833
Chizoba Obianuju Oranu , Charles Jumbe , Innocent Pangapanga-Phiri , Nnaemeka Chukwuone
{"title":"What incentives motivate smallholder farmers to reduce deforestation? Evidence from Nigeria's rainforest region","authors":"Chizoba Obianuju Oranu ,&nbsp;Charles Jumbe ,&nbsp;Innocent Pangapanga-Phiri ,&nbsp;Nnaemeka Chukwuone","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.100833","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deforestation has persistently undermined forests' critical role in providing environmental services and livelihood support. In developing countries like Nigeria, small-scale agriculture significantly drives deforestation. This study analyzes farmers' preferences for incentives to reduce deforestation and its influencing factors using data from 634 smallholder farmers in Cross Rivers State, located in Nigeria's rainforest region. The Conditional Mixed Process (CMP) was used to analyze farmers’ preference for financial incentives, while the multinomial probit model was used to analyze farmers’ preference for non-financial incentives and their influencing factors. The results suggest that farmers have differential preferences for incentives, with 38 percent and 42 percent having a preference for financial and non-financial incentives, respectively. The farmers' choice of non-financial incentives includes providing farm processing facilities, farm inputs, employment opportunities for youths and entrepreneurship training programs. Interestingly, 20 percent of the farmers were unwilling to accept any incentives but would rather continue clearing new forest areas. Furthermore, the findings suggest that farmers' socioeconomic and institutional factors significantly shape their choice of incentives. We argue that providing homogenous incentives for farmers may not necessarily address agricultural driven deforestation. Hence, incentive policies should account for the diversity in smallholder farmers’ preferences for sustainable deforestation reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Trees, Forests and People","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666719325000597","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FORESTRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Deforestation has persistently undermined forests' critical role in providing environmental services and livelihood support. In developing countries like Nigeria, small-scale agriculture significantly drives deforestation. This study analyzes farmers' preferences for incentives to reduce deforestation and its influencing factors using data from 634 smallholder farmers in Cross Rivers State, located in Nigeria's rainforest region. The Conditional Mixed Process (CMP) was used to analyze farmers’ preference for financial incentives, while the multinomial probit model was used to analyze farmers’ preference for non-financial incentives and their influencing factors. The results suggest that farmers have differential preferences for incentives, with 38 percent and 42 percent having a preference for financial and non-financial incentives, respectively. The farmers' choice of non-financial incentives includes providing farm processing facilities, farm inputs, employment opportunities for youths and entrepreneurship training programs. Interestingly, 20 percent of the farmers were unwilling to accept any incentives but would rather continue clearing new forest areas. Furthermore, the findings suggest that farmers' socioeconomic and institutional factors significantly shape their choice of incentives. We argue that providing homogenous incentives for farmers may not necessarily address agricultural driven deforestation. Hence, incentive policies should account for the diversity in smallholder farmers’ preferences for sustainable deforestation reduction.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Trees, Forests and People
Trees, Forests and People Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
7.40%
发文量
172
审稿时长
56 days
期刊最新文献
What incentives motivate smallholder farmers to reduce deforestation? Evidence from Nigeria's rainforest region Exploring the implications of selective harvesting for forest dynamics: A longitudinal analysis of Sal dominated community forests The community perception of mistletoe management for Vachellia woodlands conservation:A case study in AlUla county, Saudi Arabia Distance to canopy edge and tree trunk proximity affect understory temperature and humidity in urban tree stands Palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer) palm land-use system: A potential key tool for enhancing carbon stock and floristic diversity in a dry zone tropical landscape
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1