Investigating the impact of multidimensional sleep traits on cardiovascular diseases and the mediating role of depression.

IF 2.8 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Open Heart Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1136/openhrt-2024-002866
Hao Zhao, Xiaojie Wang, Lan Guo, Xiuwen Li, Kayla M Teopiz, Roger S McIntyre, Wanxin Wang, Ciyong Lu
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Abstract

Background: Observational studies have reported that sleep is associated with the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the causal relationships among various sleep traits remain contentious, and whether MDD mediates the impact of specific sleep traits on CVDs is unclear.

Methods: We performed two-sample Mendelian randomisation analyses to explore whether insomnia, sleep time, daytime napping, daytime sleepiness, chronotype, snoring or obstructive sleep apnoea were causally associated with the risk of five CVDs, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation and stroke. Mediation analyses were performed to assess the proportion mediated by MDD.

Results: Genetically predicted insomnia, short sleep, daytime napping and daytime sleepiness increased the risk of CVDs, with the OR ranging from 1.24 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.45) for insomnia on stroke to 1.55 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.89) for insomnia on MI. In contrast to short sleep, genetically predicted sleep duration decreased the risk of CAD (OR 0.88 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.97)), MI (OR 0.89 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.99)) and HF (OR 0.90 (95% CI 0.83 to 0.98)). However, we found no significant associations of long sleep, chronotype, snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea with increased risk for any CVD subtype. Additionally, the effect of insomnia was partially mediated by MDD for the risk of CAD (proportion mediated: 8.81% (95% CI 1.20% to 16.43%)), MI (9.17% (95% CI 1.71% to 16.63%)) and HF (14.46% (95% CI 3.48% to 25.45%)). Similarly, the effect of short sleep was partially mediated by MDD for the risk of CAD (8.92% (95% CI 0.87% to 16.97%)), MI (11.43% (95% CI 0.28% to 22.57%)) and HF (12.65% (95% CI 1.35% to 23.96%)). MDD also partially mediated the causal effects of insomnia on stroke, sleep duration on CAD, MI and HF, daytime napping on HF and daytime sleepiness on CAD.

Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that genetically predicted insomnia, short sleep, frequent daytime napping and sleepiness are associated with a higher risk of certain CVD subtypes, partly mediated by MDD.

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来源期刊
Open Heart
Open Heart CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
3.70%
发文量
145
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Open Heart is an online-only, open access cardiology journal that aims to be “open” in many ways: open access (free access for all readers), open peer review (unblinded peer review) and open data (data sharing is encouraged). The goal is to ensure maximum transparency and maximum impact on research progress and patient care. The journal is dedicated to publishing high quality, peer reviewed medical research in all disciplines and therapeutic areas of cardiovascular medicine. Research is published across all study phases and designs, from study protocols to phase I trials to meta-analyses, including small or specialist studies. Opinionated discussions on controversial topics are welcomed. Open Heart aims to operate a fast submission and review process with continuous publication online, to ensure timely, up-to-date research is available worldwide. The journal adheres to a rigorous and transparent peer review process, and all articles go through a statistical assessment to ensure robustness of the analyses. Open Heart is an official journal of the British Cardiovascular Society.
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