Prussian blue nanohybrid hydrogel combined with specific far-infrared based on graphene devices for promoting diabetic wound healing

Abstract

Diabetic wounds are difficult to treat in nature due to their distinct pathophysiological characteristics, such as inflammation and/or oxidative stress, which offers an opportunity to employ nanozymes. However, nanozymes may cause safety concerns regarding the balance between enzymatic activity and cytotoxicity, as well as unclear metabolic pathways when used as free nanoparticles. To address this issue, we developed a Prussian blue nanohybrid hydrogel by pre-coupling of polymer materials and inorganic nanomaterials via covalent bond, improving the stability of the organic–inorganic interface as well as nanozymes within the nanohybrid hydrogel. The nanohybrid hydrogel retained the enzymatic activities of Prussian blue nanoparticles, and its enzymatic activities displayed temperature-dependent characteristics when in proximity to physiological temperature. In light of this, we combined graphene-based far-infrared photothermal therapy with nanohybrid hydrogel materials, in order to promote wound healing by thermal effects and improved enzymatic activity. Animal experiments demonstrated that this combination significantly accelerates diabetes wound healing, alleviating wound inflammatory responses, and promote collagen deposition and neovascularization. This innovative approach holds considerable promise for advancing the therapeutic potential of diabetic wound healing and offers new avenues for the development of next generation wound healing treatments.