Clinical, Radiographic, and Histological Features of Buccal Bifurcation Cysts: A Systematic Review to Aid Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Decisions.

IF 2.6 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Journal of Oral Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1016/j.job.2025.100652

Matheus de Castro Costa, Rani Kanthan, Marina Lara de Carli, Felipe Fornias Sperandio

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Abstract

Objective: This systematic review delves into the nuanced landscape of buccal bifurcation cysts (BBCs), emphasizing their clinical significance amid the diagnostic challenges in oral and maxillofacial pathology. We trace the evolution of BBC classification from historical perspectives to its current status in the World Health Organization's classification system, aiming to equip dental professionals with crucial insights for accurate diagnosis and effective management.

Methods: This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023405169) followed PRISMA guidelines to examine the epidemiological characteristics of BBCs. Observational studies were included, while reviews, meta-analyses, and experimental studies were excluded. A comprehensive search across five databases identified eligible studies. Two independent reviewers screened articles, resolving disagreements by consensus or a third reviewer. Data extraction included clinical, histological, and imaging findings. Risk of bias was assessed using Murad's framework for case reports/series and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for other study types, with studies rated as low, moderate, or high quality.

Results: The information presented here is crucial for preventing past treatment errors associated with BBC. In addition, this review confirms that BBCs predominantly affect the posterior mandible of pediatric patients and exhibit consistent clinical and histopathological features, aiding in their differentiation from similar maxillofacial lesions. Thus, well-informed clinicians should be able to diagnose BBC and make a proper treatment choice after familiarizing themselves with this review, which will ultimately lead to a favorable prognostic outcome and reduced risk of lesion recurrence.

Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of BBC, aiming to enhance clinical understanding and ultimately improve patient care.

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