MXene structural and surface modifications for enhanced Li-ion diffusion in lithium-ion capacitors: A critical mini review of recent advances

Abstract

Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) have gained attention as advanced energy storage systems, combining the superior energy density of lithium-ion batteries with the exceptional power density and extended cycle life characteristic of supercapacitors. MXenes, a class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, have attracted considerable interest as potential anode materials for LICs due to their unique properties such as high electrical conductivity, large surface area, and tunable surface chemistry. This mini review examines recent rational strategies for enhancing the performance of MXene-based anodes in lithium-ion capacitors (LICs), with a particular focus on structural engineering and surface functionalization. We provide an in-depth analysis of how specific structural and surface changes directly influence interlayer spacing, surface chemistry, and thereby electrochemical properties of MXenes and subsequently their performance as electrode material for LIC with an attempt to investigate the correlation between structural modifications in MXene and electrochemical performance in LIC devices.