Multimodal Activity of a Novel Compound against Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer.

Abstract

Background: Prostate and pancreatic cancers pose significant global health challenges. This study explored the potential of compound 5b, a novel phthalimido-1,3-thiazole derivative, as an anticancer agent against these malignancies.

Methods: In vitro, compound 5b exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against both prostate (DU-145 and PC-3) and pancreatic (Panc-1 and Mia Paca-2) cancer cell lines. Notably, it significantly reduced colony formation in PC-3 cells, potentially hindering tumor growth. Furthermore, treatment with compound 5b suppressed cell migration and induced cell cycle arrest in the PC-3 line. Additionally, it triggered cell death through late apoptosis and necrosis at higher concentrations. Safety evaluations in mice revealed no mortality or adverse effects after a 30-day treatment with compound 5b. Key blood parameters (hematology) and biochemical markers of liver and kidney function remained unaltered.

Results: Compound 5b significantly reduced colony formation, suppressed cell migration, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis/necrosis in prostate cancer cells. In vivo, safety evaluations showed no adverse effects in treated mice, with blood and biochemical markers remaining normal.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that compound 5b holds promise for further development as a therapeutic option for prostate and pancreatic cancers. Its multimodal activity profile, targeting cell viability, migration, cell cycle progression, and cell death, warrants further investigation.