Effects of bariatric surgeries on Binge eating disorders, Food addiction, and eating behaviors: A comprehensive systematic review of RCTs.

Abstract

Different types of bariatric surgery have emerged as a major and most effective treatment for obesity. With the rapid growth of bariatric surgery in this decade, it is crucial to understand the postoperative outcomes, especially eating-related outcomes, such as non-preexisting eating disorders, food addiction, emotional eating, and eating behaviors. This systematic review of RCTs seeks to evaluate the impact of various bariatric surgery procedures on eating behaviors, eating disorders, and food addiction to better understand their post-operative effects and guide future clinical practice. Following the 2015 PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted using PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and WOS databases through May 2024. After assessing 1158 full-text articles, 14 studies were selected based on the established criteria. Based on the obtained results, bariatric surgery significantly improved eating behaviors and weight concerns among patients. Eating behavior was assessed by various questionnaires, such as TFEQ and PFS, across different types of bariatric surgeries, including RYGB, SG, LSG, DJBL, and LAGB. While some studies found varying degrees of improvements across different surgical procedures, the general trend suggests that bariatric surgery can lead to significant improvements in eating behaviors. In conclusion, bariatric surgery appears to influence eating behaviors, food addiction, and binge eating disorders by altering the gut microbiota, gut hormones, and brain regions associated with appetite. However, there is no significant difference in these outcomes among different types of surgery.