R&D and operational efficiency in China’s innovative high-tech enterprises: Empirical analysis with two-stage slack based measure data envelopment analysis and threshold regression

IF 7.2 2区管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Omega-international Journal of Management Science Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-18 DOI:10.1016/j.omega.2025.103342

Nannan Liang , Yu Shi , Yao Chen

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Abstract

This study applies a two-stage slack-based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) model to evaluate the micro-level R&D and operational efficiency of 445 listed innovative high-tech enterprises in China's science and technology sector. A threshold regression model is then used to explore the impact of R&D investment intensity variables, such as R&D investment personnel intensity, R&D investment funds intensity and government subsidies intensity, and enterprise scale on efficiency. The findings indicate that the R&D and operational efficiency of China's innovative high-tech enterprises is generally low, with particularly significant room for improvement in R&D efficiency. Among the influencing factors, R&D personnel intensity and enterprise scale both have a significant negative impact on R&D activities and a significant positive impact on operational activities. Meanwhile, enterprise scale exhibits a single threshold effect on both R&D and operational efficiency. When the scale is below or above the threshold, the direction of the effect on efficiency remains the same, but the magnitude differs. Finally, government subsidies intensity did not significantly impact R&D and operational activities and failed to achieve effective incentives or generate positive effects.

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中国创新型高科技企业的研发与运营效率：基于两阶段松弛度量数据包络分析和门槛回归的实证分析

本研究采用两阶段基于松弛测度的数据包络分析（sgm - dea）模型，对445家中国科技领域创新型上市高新技术企业微观层面的研发和运营效率进行了评价。然后利用阈值回归模型探讨研发投入人员强度、研发投入资金强度、政府补贴强度等研发投入强度变量和企业规模对效率的影响。研究结果表明，中国创新型高新技术企业的研发效率和运营效率普遍较低，研发效率的提升空间尤其显著。在影响因素中，研发人员强度和企业规模对研发活动有显著的负向影响，对经营活动有显著的正向影响。同时，企业规模对研发和运营效率均呈现单一门槛效应。当规模低于或高于阈值时，对效率的影响方向相同，但影响程度不同。最后，政府补贴强度对研发和经营活动的影响不显著，未能起到有效的激励作用或产生积极效应。

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来源期刊

Omega-international Journal of Management Science 管理科学-运筹学与管理科学

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

11.60%

发文量

130

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Omega reports on developments in management, including the latest research results and applications. Original contributions and review articles describe the state of the art in specific fields or functions of management, while there are shorter critical assessments of particular management techniques. Other features of the journal are the "Memoranda" section for short communications and "Feedback", a correspondence column. Omega is both stimulating reading and an important source for practising managers, specialists in management services, operational research workers and management scientists, management consultants, academics, students and research personnel throughout the world. The material published is of high quality and relevance, written in a manner which makes it accessible to all of this wide-ranging readership. Preference will be given to papers with implications to the practice of management. Submissions of purely theoretical papers are discouraged. The review of material for publication in the journal reflects this aim.