Epidemiology and prevention of arterial hypertension in Poland.

Tomasz Zdrojewski, Bogdan Wyrzykowski, Radosław Szczech, Lukasz Wierucki, Marek Naruszewicz, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, Marzena Zarzeczna-Baran
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引用次数: 64

Abstract

The authors review the present situation in epidemiology and prevention of arterial hypertension in Poland. In 2002, the NATPOL PLUS survey on representative sample of adults (n=3051, age range 18-93) was conducted. Prevalence of hypertension, diagnosed on basis of three separate visits, was 29%, awareness 67% and efficacy of treatment 12.5%. Thus, in Poland, one-third of 8.6 million hypertensives are unaware of their disease. A comparison with data from other countries should be careful due to the different methods (age range, number of readings and visits) used in the studies. The data, in concert with a decrease in awareness of one's own blood pressure (from 71% in 1994 to 59% in 2002), called for urgent preventive measures. Two large interventions were implemented under the National Programme POLKARD in 2003: the Polish 400 Cities Project aimed to increase detection and knowledge of hypertension and other risk factors among small-town and village communities, and the educational project, A Chance for the Young Heart targeted at children aged 11-14 years and using traditional teaching methods and an interactive Internet website. Also, an educational and marketing programme targeted at public opinion leaders and decision makers (trade unions, local governments, healthcare financing authorities, print media and radio, the Polish Parliament) started in 1999 and is still in process.

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波兰动脉高血压的流行病学和预防。
作者综述了波兰动脉高血压的流行病学和预防现状。2002年,对具有代表性的成人样本(n=3051,年龄在18-93岁之间)进行了NATPOL PLUS调查。根据三次单独就诊诊断出的高血压患病率为29%,知晓率为67%,治疗有效性为12.5%。因此,在波兰,860万高血压患者中有三分之一不知道自己的疾病。由于研究中使用了不同的方法(年龄范围、阅读次数和访问次数),因此与其他国家的数据进行比较应该谨慎。这些数据与人们对自身血压认识的下降(从1994年的71%降至2002年的59%)相一致,要求采取紧急预防措施。2003年,在国家POLKARD方案下实施了两项大型干预措施:波兰400个城市项目,目的是在小城镇和乡村社区中增加对高血压和其他危险因素的发现和了解;以及教育项目,“少年心脏的机会”,目标是11-14岁的儿童,使用传统教学方法和互动互联网网站。此外,一项针对舆论领袖和决策者(工会、地方政府、卫生保健筹资当局、印刷媒体和广播电台、波兰议会)的教育和营销方案于1999年启动,目前仍在进行中。
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