Language Emergence.

IF 3 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Annual Review of Linguistics Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI:10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011415-040743
Diane Brentari, Susan Goldin-Meadow
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Abstract

Language emergence describes moments in historical time when nonlinguistic systems become linguistic. Because language can be invented de novo in the manual modality, this offers insight into the emergence of language in ways that the oral modality cannot. Here we focus on homesign, gestures developed by deaf individuals who cannot acquire spoken language and have not been exposed to sign language. We contrast homesign with (a) gestures that hearing individuals produce when they speak, as these cospeech gestures are a potential source of input to homesigners, and (b) established sign languages, as these codified systems display the linguistic structure that homesign has the potential to assume. We find that the manual modality takes on linguistic properties, even in the hands of a child not exposed to a language model. But it grows into full-blown language only with the support of a community that transmits the system to the next generation.

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语言的出现。
语言的出现描述的是非语言系统成为语言系统的历史时刻。由于语言可以在手语模式中重新发明,这为语言的出现提供了口语模式无法提供的洞察力。在此,我们将重点放在家庭手势(homesign)上,这是由无法习得口语也没有接触过手语的聋人发展出来的手势。我们将同形手势与以下两种手势进行对比:(a)听障人士在说话时做出的手势,因为这些共语手势是同形手势输入者的潜在输入来源;(b)成熟的手语,因为这些编纂系统显示了同形手势可能具有的语言结构。我们发现,即使在没有接触过语言模式的儿童手中,手语模式也具有语言属性。但是,只有在将该系统传递给下一代的社区的支持下,它才能成长为成熟的语言。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
6.20%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Linguistics, in publication since 2015, covers significant developments in the field of linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and their interfaces. Reviews synthesize advances in linguistic theory, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, language change, biology and evolution of language, typology, as well as applications of linguistics in many domains.
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