CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN JIMMATOWN, SOUTHWEST ETHIOPIA; A COMMUNITY BASED CROSS – SECTIONAL STUDY.

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease has been identified as emerging epidemic in developing world and Sub-saharan Africa. The prevalence of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease is not clearly established in our country. We conducted this study to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease associated risk factors in Jimma town.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in sampled adults in Jimma town. Multi-stage sampling was used by combining simple random sampling to select kebeles of Jimma town and then systematic random sampling to select the house hold .An individual was selected with a lottery method if there were more than one adult in the house hold who fulfills inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the World Health Organization standardized structured questionnaire on cardiovascular risk assessment for developing countries. The study variables included anthropometric measurements, demographic information and behavioral risk factors. The data variables were computed using SPSS version 20.

Results: Majority (70.9%) of the respondents have one or more of the seven cardiovascular disease risk factors assessed. Nearly one forth (23.8%) of the study participants were hypertensive, 6.2% were known diabetes and the prevalence of smoking was 11.8% among males 2% among females. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 26.8 %.

Conclusion: Majority were found to have at least one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common. Screening programs, health education and awareness creation are recommended to prevent the development of the disease. Large scale prospective study with laboratory data will help to further analyze and strengthen the results for policy makers.