[The Chernobyl Disaster Consequences from the -Distance of 30 Years].

Abstract

There are 2 most important questions regarding studies of the Chernobyl disaster: to what degree the opportunities to decrease injuries of the people affected by the disaster were realized and how the study of the con- sequences of the disaster impacted elucidation of low level radiation damage to human health. It can be as- sumed that not all scientific elaborations were realized to a proper degree (the use of iodine prophylaxis, radioprotectors). It was associated with impoper fulfillment of instructions by executive organs of radiation safety and medical emergency aid. However, the stationary medical treatment of patients with acute radiation disease was well organized. Insufficient consideration was given to non- radiological factors having an effect or,the psycho-emotional state of the people. Harmful effects of small doses on human health were not be found. The adverse delayed consequences (thyroid cancer, leucosis, and solid cancers) were found in the case of exceeding dose limit of 250 mGy. The upper border of low harmless.radiation doses could not be detected in those studies because of poor radiation dosimetry of liquidators, inadequate models of risk evaluation and ignoring influence of non-radiological factors on human health.