Growth control in the Drosophila wing disk.

IF 7.9 Q1 Medicine Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Systems Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2020-05-01 Epub Date: 2020-01-09 DOI:10.1002/wsbm.1478
Jia Gou, Jay A Stotsky, Hans G Othmer
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引用次数: 16

Abstract

The regulation of size and shape is a fundamental requirement of biological development and has been a subject of scientific study for centuries, but we still lack an understanding of how organisms know when to stop growing. Imaginal wing disks of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which are precursors of the adult wings, are an archetypal tissue for studying growth control. The growth of the disks is dependent on many inter- and intra-organ factors such as morphogens, mechanical forces, nutrient levels, and hormones that influence gene expression and cell growth. Extracellular signals are transduced into gene-control signals via complex signal transduction networks, and since cells typically receive many different signals, a mechanism for integrating the signals is needed. Our understanding of the effect of morphogens on tissue-level growth regulation via individual pathways has increased significantly in the last half century, but our understanding of how multiple biochemical and mechanical signals are integrated to determine whether or not a cell decides to divide is still rudimentary. Numerous fundamental questions are involved in understanding the decision-making process, and here we review the major biochemical and mechanical pathways involved in disk development with a view toward providing a basis for beginning to understand how multiple signals can be integrated at the cell level, and how this translates into growth control at the level of the imaginal disk. This article is categorized under: Analytical and Computational Methods > Computational Methods Biological Mechanisms > Cell Signaling Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Cellular Models.

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果蝇翅盘的生长控制。
大小和形状的调节是生物发育的基本要求,几个世纪以来一直是科学研究的主题,但我们仍然缺乏对生物体如何知道何时停止生长的理解。黑腹果蝇的想象翅盘是成年果蝇翅膀的前身,是研究生长控制的一个原型组织。椎间盘的生长依赖于许多器官间和器官内的因素,如形态因子、机械力、营养水平和影响基因表达和细胞生长的激素。细胞外信号通过复杂的信号转导网络转化为基因控制信号,由于细胞通常接收许多不同的信号,因此需要一种整合这些信号的机制。在过去的半个世纪里,我们对形态因子通过个体途径对组织水平生长调节的影响的理解已经显著增加,但我们对多种生化和机械信号如何整合以决定细胞是否决定分裂的理解仍然是初级的。理解决策过程涉及许多基本问题,在这里,我们回顾了涉及磁盘发育的主要生化和机械途径,以期为开始理解多种信号如何在细胞水平上整合提供基础,以及这如何转化为映像磁盘水平的生长控制。本文分类如下:分析与计算方法>计算方法>生物学机制>系统特性和过程的细胞信号模型>细胞模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal Name:Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Systems Biology and Medicine Focus: Strong interdisciplinary focus Serves as an encyclopedic reference for systems biology research Conceptual Framework: Systems biology asserts the study of organisms as hierarchical systems or networks Individual biological components interact in complex ways within these systems Article Coverage: Discusses biology, methods, and models Spans systems from a few molecules to whole species Topical Coverage: Developmental Biology Physiology Biological Mechanisms Models of Systems, Properties, and Processes Laboratory Methods and Technologies Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine
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