Affective Prosody Perception and the Relation to Social Competence in Autistic and Typically Developing Children.

Nichole E Scheerer, Fakhri Shafai, Ryan A Stevenson, Grace Iarocci
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulty perceiving and expressing emotions. Since prosodic changes in speech (i.e. changes in intonation, stress, rhythm, etc.) are crucial for extracting information about the emotional state of a speaker, an inability to perceive and interpret these prosodic changes may be related to impairments in social communication. This study used non-verbal emotional voice-clips to examine the ability of autistic and typically-developing children (7-13 years old) to extract affect from changes in prosody. This research also explored whether difficulty extracting affective intent from changes in prosody may be related to social competence. Autistic (n = 26) and typically-developing (n = 26) children accurately matched emotional voice-clips to emotion words, suggesting autistic children can accurately extract the affective meaning conveyed by changes in prosody. Autistic children were less accurate at matching the voice-clips to emotional faces, suggesting that autistic children may struggle to make use of prosodic information in a social context. Across both autistic and typically-developing children, prosody-face matching accuracy was found to predict overall social competence, as well as social inferencing abilities, suggesting that the inability to utilize affective information derived from a speaker's voice may interfere with effective social communication.

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自闭症儿童和发育正常儿童的情感前奏感知及其与社交能力的关系。
被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的患者在感知和表达情绪方面存在困难。由于语音中的前音变化(即语调、重音、节奏等的变化)对于提取说话者的情绪状态信息至关重要,因此无法感知和解释这些前音变化可能与社交沟通障碍有关。本研究使用非语言情感语音片段来考察自闭症儿童和发育正常儿童(7-13 岁)从前缀变化中提取情感的能力。本研究还探讨了从拟声变化中提取情感意图的困难是否与社交能力有关。自闭症儿童(n = 26)和发育正常儿童(n = 26)都能准确地将情绪语音片段与情绪词进行匹配,这表明自闭症儿童能够准确地从拟声词的变化中提取出所传达的情感含义。自闭症儿童将语音片段与情绪面孔匹配的准确率较低,这表明自闭症儿童可能难以在社交环境中利用前音信息。研究发现,无论是自闭症儿童还是发育正常的儿童,前音-面部匹配的准确性都能预测他们的整体社交能力以及社交推断能力,这表明,无法利用说话者声音中的情感信息可能会影响有效的社交沟通。
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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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