Japanese species of Alternaria and their species boundaries based on host range.

Fungal systematics and evolution Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-01-10 DOI:10.3114/fuse.2020.05.13
J Nishikawa, C Nakashima
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引用次数: 25

Abstract

To clarify the diversity of plant-parasitic Alternaria species in Japan, diseased samples were collected, and fungal isolates established in culture. We examined 85 isolates representing 23 species distributed in 14 known sections based on conidial morphology and DNA phylogeny. Three species were found to be new, A. cylindrica, A. paragomphrenae and A. triangularis. Furthermore, a lectotype was designated for A. gomphrenae, and epitypes for A. cinerariae, A. gomphrenae, A. iridicola, and A. japonica. Species boundaries of isolates were also clarified by studying phenotypes and determining host ranges. Alternaria gomphrenae and related species in sect. Alternantherae were recognized as distinct species owing to their host specificity. Among the species infecting Apiaceae, the pathogenicity of A. cumini and a novel species, A. triangularis ex Bupleurum, were confirmed as host specific. Another novel species, A. cylindrica, proved to be host specific to Petunia. Alternaria iridicola was recognized as a large-spored species in sect. Alternaria, being host specific to Iris spp. On the other hand, the experimental host ranges of three morphologically and phylogenetically distinct species infecting Brassicaceae (A. brassicae, A. brassicicola, and A. japonica) showed almost no differences. Alternaria brassicicola and A. porri were even found on non-host plants. In general, host ranges of Alternaria species correlated with morphology and molecular phylogeny, and combining these datasets resulted in clearer species boundaries.

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日本赤霉属种及其基于寄主范围的种界。
为了阐明日本植物寄生互交菌的多样性,我们收集了病样,并在培养中建立了真菌分离株。基于分生孢子形态和DNA系统发育,我们研究了分布在14个已知区域的85个分离株,代表23种。新发现3种,分别为白茅、副蕨和三角蕨。此外,还分别确定了gomphrenae的一个选型和a. cinerariae、a. gomphrenae、a. i梨花和a. japonica的一个表型。通过研究表型和确定寄主范围,明确了分离株的种界。由于其寄主特异性,在互花科中互花属(Alternaria gomphrenae)及其近缘种被认为是不同的种。在蜂科的侵染种中,证实了a . cumini和新种a . triangularis ex Bupleurum的致病性是宿主特异性的。另一个新物种,圆柱孢霉,被证明是矮牵牛特有的寄主。另一方面,三种形态和系统发育上不同的侵染芸苔科植物(a . brassicae、a . brassicola和a . japonica)的实验寄主范围几乎没有差异。在非寄主植物上也发现了油菜交替孢菌和porri。总的来说,交替孢属的寄主范围与形态和分子系统发育相关,结合这些数据集可以得到更清晰的种界。
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