Fungal systematics and evolution最新文献

Gliocladiopsis comprises a diverse group of soil-borne fungi predominantly found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study investigated Gliocladiopsis strains collected from soil samples across three Southeast Asian countries, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses based on four loci (ITS, TEF1, TUB2, and HIS3) were used to identify the strains. Eleven Gliocladiopsis spp., including a novel taxon, Gliocladiopsis vietnamensis sp. nov., were identified. The six species, G. curvata, G. forsbergii, G. guangdongensis, G. irregularis, G. whileyi and G. wuhanensis, are newly reported in Vietnam, G. curvata in Malaysia, and G. mexicana in Indonesia. This study has significantly expanded the known diversity of Gliocladiopsis in Southeast Asia. The results also suggest that Southeast Asia is a biodiversity hotspot for this genus, highlighting the importance of further research to explore fungal diversity in understudied tropical and subtropical ecosystems. Citation: Pham NQ, Marincowitz S, Crous PW, Wingfield MJ (2025). Diversity of soil-borne Gliocladiopsis from Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 81-92. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.6.

In the present study, a newly found species of Volvariella from Oman is described and named V. darbatica. Evidence for this decision is based on morphology and multigene phylogeny. Volvariella darbatica is characterized by small-sized basidiomata, pale pinkish to pale brownish pileus, and ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores measuring 5.0-6.0 × 4.0-4.5 µm. Colour photographs of basidiomata and illustrations of anatomical characters are provided, along with the phylogenetic trees of the genus Volvariella and the suborder Pluteineae (where family Volvariellaceae is nested). Morphological similarities with closely related species are discussed. Furthermore, we also report the presence of Volvariella cubensis and V. sathei in Oman, extending the distribution of these species. Volvariella sathei was previously known only from its type locality in India. Citation: Hussain S, Al-Kharousi M, Al-Maqbali D, Al-Owaisi AA, Velazhahan R, Al-Sadi AM, Al-Yahya'ei MN (2025). Phylogeny of the genus Volvariella with the description of one new species and two new records from Oman. 16: 29-39. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.2.

Marasmius haematocephalus forms a distinctive pan-tropical species complex. While it has been confirmed that M. haematocephalus s. s. occurs only in the neotropics, morphologically similar taxa across the world continue to be attributed to this species. Phylogenies utilising nrITS, nrLSU and TEF1, were constructed to identify relationships within the complex, and morphological data used to document and explore the taxa endemic to Australia and those which co-occur in Asia, Madagascar and the USA. Seven new species found in Australia are described and illustrated - M. campaniformis sp. nov., M. pervagatus sp. nov., M. porphyrocephalus sp. nov., M. purpureospadiceus sp. nov., M. vinaceus sp. nov., M. wianwian sp. nov. and M. wunga sp. nov. A key to Australian species of the M. haematocephalus complex is provided. Historic records and observational data (iNaturalist and Atlas of Living Australia) were used to indicate potential distributions of all species within the complex that occur in Australia and explore biogeographic relationships more broadly. Citation: Guard FE, Dearnaley J, Lebel T (2025). Purple Pinwheel and more: The Marasmius haematocephalus complex (Marasmiaceae) in Australia. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 283-305. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.16.

A hyaline to pale olivaceous brown hyphomycetous fungus was collected on living leaves of Tinospora cordifolia in India. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of several loci (LSU-RPB2-ITS) indicated a relationship with cercosporoid fungi (Mycosphaerellaceae). As no other known lineage shares similar morphology or DNA sequences, a new genus, Uwebraunomyces, is proposed, with U. tinosporae comb. nov. based on Ramularia tinosporae as the type species. Conidiophores are pale olivaceous to very pale brown in colour, typically unbranched, and subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous at the tip. Conidia are solitary, obclavate to obpyriform, straight to curved, and few-septate. Additionally, the conidiogenous loci are characterized by a centrally located small papilla and a minute, distinct frill that is typically evident in older scars. These characteristics distinguish Uwebraunomyces from other closely related members of the ramularioid complex. Additionally, Cercosporella bundelkhandae is recognized as a new synonym as it shares nearly identical morphological features with U. tinosporae. At the ultrastructural level, Uwebraunomyces is further characterized by conidiogenous loci that bulge outward, forming convex or truncated cone shapes, with wall thickening extending beyond the area originally occupied by the base of the conidium. Older scars display a minute papilla or small, somewhat conical protuberant like structure in the centre of their apical depression, often accompanied by a minute, distinct frill. The conidial base is obconically truncate, featuring a basal depression with a centrally located, slightly protuberant structure. These distinct ultrastructural features set Uwebraunomyces apart from other members of the ramularioid complex, underscoring its taxonomic significance within the Mycosphaerellaceae. Citation: Singh G, Kumari P, Rajwar S, Yadav S, Mall S, Kumar S, Singh R (2025). Uwebraunomyces, a novel genus of the family Mycosphaerellaceae. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 197-214. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.11.

Ophiocordyceps serves as a key model for studying cryptic fungal diversity and behavioural manipulation of hymenopterous insects. Here, we describe Ophiocordyceps acanthoponerae, a newly discovered species infecting Acanthoponera mucronata (Heteroponerini: Formicidae) in a Brazilian Atlantic rainforest-Cerrado ecotone. Morphological analyses revealed mixed traits characteristic of Ophiocordyceps lineages associated with ants and wasps, including leaf biting behaviour manipulation, dark brown ascostromata covering 360º of the stalk, ascospores producing capilliconidia and hirsutelloid asexual morphs. Phylogenetic analyses based on four genomic regions (SSU, LSU, TEF and RPB1) placed this species outside the traditional myrmecophilous hirsutelloid clades O. unilateralis and O. kniphofioides, and within a novel clade closely related to the wasp pathogen O. humbertii. This discovery represents the first record of Ophiocordyceps infecting Heteroponerini and highlights an unexplored lineage of manipulative fungi. Our findings expand the known host range for myrmecophilous Ophiocordyceps and underscore the importance of studying fungal diversity in under-sampled ecological niches. Citation: Lima-Santos SJ, Araújo JPM, Feitosa RM, Mendes-Pereira T, Elliot SL, Evans HC (2025). There is gold in the graveyard: a new lineage of zombie-ant fungi in the genus Ophiocordyceps (Ophiocordycipitaceae: Hypocreales) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 243-264. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.14.

Several species of wood-inhabiting resupinate basidiomycetes are reclassified following examination of type material and sequencing of recent collections. Grandinia ocellata is considered the correct name for Phlebia livida subsp. tuberculata and transferred to Mycoacia. Peniophora avellanea is an older name for Phlebia margaritae and the species moved into Lopharia. Radulum pendulum is identified as the oldest name for the species most commonly called Phlebia albida. Grandinia tuberculata, type species for Stereophlebia, is accepted as a synonym to Radulum pendulum and the combination Stereophlebia pendula introduced. Phlebia canadensis is accepted as an older name for Quasiphlebia densa and the combination Quasiphlebia canadensis proposed. Other new combinations proposed are Cytidiella pallidolivens, Hydnophlebia flavicans, Hyphodermella pallidovirens, Meruliopsis rubicunda, Parvodontia gloeocystidiata, Phaeophlebiopsis roumeguerei, and Rhizochaete galactites. Hyphodermella albostraminea is considered to be a synonym of Hyphodermella pallidovirens. Ceriporia pseudocystidiata is considered to be a synonym of Meruliopsis rubicunda. Meruliopsis faginea is considered to be a synonym of Meruliopsis albostraminea. Typifications are suggested for Corticium seriale subsp. pallidolivens, Kneiffia avellanea, Corticium roumeguerei, Peniophora moelleriana, Grandinia ocellata, Corticium lividum, Thelephora viscosa var. uvida, and Radulum pendulum. Citation: Larsson K-H, Spirin V, Ryvarden L, Larsson E (2025). Reclassification of eleven corticioid basidiomycetes with nine typifications. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 1-27. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.1.

Quiver trees (Aloidendron dichotomum) are large iconic succulent plants found in arid areas of southern Africa. These trees have been observed suffering from die-back symptoms for many years. Various environmental and abiotic factors have been investigated as possible causes of the symptoms. However, biotic causes, especially microfungi that commonly cause die-backs in trees, have never been considered. During a routine disease survey, symptomatic stems and roots of the dying trees were collected in the Cape Province, South Africa. Isolations were made from tissues at the leading edges of the lesions on symptomatic stems and roots, and the resulting fungi were identified using morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data of four loci (LSU, SSU, ITS and β-tubulin). Five species were identified: Paecilomyces formosus, Phaeoacremonium (Pm.) parasiticum, Pm. luteum, Xylogone sphaerospora, and the newly described Coniophoma aloidendri gen. et sp. nov. Three species, Pm. parasiticum and C. aloidendri from this study and Alanphillipsia (Ala.) aloes were tested for their pathogenicity on A. dichotomum plants in a greenhouse trial. All three species gave rise to lesions significantly different in size from the controls. The Pm. parasiticum strains showed larger necrotic lesions than C. aloidendri and Ala. aloes. However, none of the isolated fungi were aggressive or are known as primary pathogens, and the cause of the die-back on symptomatic trees remains to be determined. Citation: Marincowitz S, Pham NQ, Wingfield BD, Wingfield MJ (2025). Microfungi associated with dying quiver trees (Aloidendron dichotomum) in South Africa. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 71-80. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.5.

In a 2023 survey evaluating conifers with Rosellinia infections, five Pestalotiopsis fungal strains were isolated from plant samples obtained from Maine, New Hampshire, and Ohio. Based on a multi locus phylogenetic analysis (ITS, TUB, TEF), species-specific base pair substitutions, and morphological characterization, the five isolates were determined to constitute two novel species within the genus Pestalotiopsis. These two new species are introduced here as Pestalotiopsis maineana and Pestalotiopsis neohantoniensis. Pestalotiopsis maineana shares close phylogenetic affinity to P. fusiformis, P. brachiata, and P. hispanica, while P. neohantoniensis shares affinity with P. daliensis, P. chamaeropis, and P. hainanensis. Both new species described herein differ from close relatives based on various morphological characters including the number of basal appendages of the conidia. Further, species-specific base pair substitutions are provided for the TEF locus which had the most resolution when compared to the ITS and TUB loci. To our knowledge, P. maineana is the first species of Pestalotiopsis to be isolated and reported from white spruce (Picea glauca) while P. neohantoniensis is the first species to be isolated and reported from Serbian spruce (Picea omorika) and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). Overall, this study provides insight into the microfungi associated with conifers in the United States. Citation: Miller ST, Salgado-Salazar CS, Munck I, Castlebury LA (2025). Two novel species of Pestalotiopsis on Picea and Tsuga from temperate forests in the United States. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 265-281. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.15.

A fresh collection of a Hohenbuehelia from Turku, Finland was determined through phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, large ribosomal subunit (nLSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes to be conspecific with ex-type cultures of Hohenbuehelia subreniformis, originally described from Ontario, Canada. No sexual morph was known; it is a member of the broad H. atrocoerulea clade. We provide a detailed description of the macro- and micromorphology of this species, which resembles pale forms of H. grisea but differs in having a more spathulate pileus and broader spores. Of the fifteen valid species formerly classified in the anamorph genus Nematoctonus, all but three are now linked to conspecific or closely related sexual morphs in Hohenbuehelia. Citation: Thorn RG, Consiglio G, Setti L, Kekki T, Daigneault BC, O'Nille EST (2025). The sexual morph of Hohenbuehelia subreniformis (Pleurotaceae) discovered in Finland. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 307-316. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.17.

Members of the family Saccotheciaceae are found in various environments and have different lifestyles. While exploring Mimosa tenuiflora-associated endophytic fungi in the Caatinga dry forest in Brazil, the isolates were initially identified as aureobasidium-like fungi. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analyses using ITS, LSU, tub2, rpb2, and tef1 gene sequences, these endophytes were placed within a distinct clade in Saccotheciaceae, differing from the genera currently accepted in the family. Here, we describe a new genus, Paivomyces gen. nov. (including Paivomyces mimosae sp. nov.). Additionally, during our phylogenetic analyses, we observed that Selenophoma australiensis, described from leaves of Eucalyptus mineata in Australia, could be treated as a unique lineage among the genera in the family Saccotheciaceae. Herein, we introduce Pseudoselenophoma gen. nov. (including Pseudoselenophoma australiensis comb. nov.) to accommodate the species. Our findings improve our understanding of the fungal diversity in the Caatinga dry forest in Brazil and clarify the phylogenetic lineages of Saccotheciaceae. Citation: Nascimento SS, Ferro LO, Silva EA, Felipe MTC, Souza-Motta CM, Bezerra JDP (2025). Introducing two new genera, Paivomyces gen. nov. and Pseudoselenophoma gen. nov., in Saccotheciaceae (Dothideales). Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 55-69. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.4.