Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-04-11DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.03
J Z Groenewald, Y Y Chen, Y Zhang, J Roux, H-D Shin, R G Shivas, B A Summerell, U Braun, A C Alfenas, A H Ujat, C Nakashima, P W Crous
Species of Pseudocercospora are commonly associated with leaf and fruit spots on diverse plant hosts in sub-tropical and tropical regions. Pseudocercospora spp. have mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs, but represent a distinct genus in Mycosphaerellaceae (Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetes). The present study adds a further 29 novel species of Pseudocercospora from 413 host species representing 297 host genera occurring in 60 countries and designates four epitypes and one lectotype for established names. This study recognises 329 species names, with an additional 69 phylogenetic lineages remaining unnamed due to difficulty in being able to unambiguously apply existing names to those lineages. To help elucidate the taxonomy of these species, a phylogenetic tree was generated from multi-locus DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacers and intervening 5.8S nuclear nrRNA gene (ITS), partial actin (actA), and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), as well as the partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) gene sequences. Novel species described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Ps. acaciicola from leaf spots on Acacia sp., Ps. anopter from leaf spots on Anopterus glandulosus, Ps. asplenii from leaf spots on Asplenium dimorphum, Ps. australiensis from leaf spots on Eucalyptus gunnii, Ps. badjensis from leaf spots on Eucalyptus badjensis, Ps. erythrophloeicola from leaf spots on Erythrophleum chlorostachys, Ps. grevilleae from leaf spots on Grevillea sp., Ps. lophostemonigena from leaf spots on Lophostemon confertus, Ps. lophostemonis from leaf spots on Lophostemon lactifluus, Ps. paramacadamiae from leaf spots on Macadamia integrifolia, Ps. persooniae from leaf spots on Persoonia sp., Ps. pultenaeae from leaf spots on Pultenaea daphnoides, Ps. tristaniopsidis from leaf spots on Tristaniopsis collina, Ps. victoriae from leaf spots on Eucalyptus globoidea. Brazil, Ps. musigena from leaf spots on Musa sp.China, Ps. lonicerae-japonicae from leaf spots on Lonicera japonica, Ps. rubigena leaf spots on Rubus sp. France (Réunion), Ps. wingfieldii from leaf spots on Acacia heterophylla. Malaysia, Ps. musarum from leaf spots on Musa sp. Netherlands, Ps. rhododendri from leaf spots on Rhododendron sp. South Africa, Ps. balanitis from leaf spots on Balanites sp., Ps. dovyalidicola from leaf spots on Dovyalis zeyheri, Ps. encephalarticola from leaf spots on Encephalartos sp.South Korea, Ps. grewiana from leaf
{"title":"Species diversity in <i>Pseudocercospora</i>.","authors":"J Z Groenewald, Y Y Chen, Y Zhang, J Roux, H-D Shin, R G Shivas, B A Summerell, U Braun, A C Alfenas, A H Ujat, C Nakashima, P W Crous","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.03","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species of <i>Pseudocercospora</i> are commonly associated with leaf and fruit spots on diverse plant hosts in sub-tropical and tropical regions. <i>Pseudocercospora</i> spp. have mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs, but represent a distinct genus in <i>Mycosphaerellaceae</i> (<i>Mycosphaerellales</i>, <i>Dothideomycetes</i>). The present study adds a further 29 novel species of <i>Pseudocercospora</i> from 413 host species representing 297 host genera occurring in 60 countries and designates four epitypes and one lectotype for established names. This study recognises 329 species names, with an additional 69 phylogenetic lineages remaining unnamed due to difficulty in being able to unambiguously apply existing names to those lineages. To help elucidate the taxonomy of these species, a phylogenetic tree was generated from multi-locus DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacers and intervening 5.8S nuclear nrRNA gene (ITS), partial actin (<i>actA</i>), and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>tef1</i>), as well as the partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (<i>rpb2</i>) gene sequences. Novel species described in this study include those from various countries as follows: <b>Australia</b>, <i>Ps. acaciicola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Acacia</i> sp., <i>Ps. anopter</i> from leaf spots on <i>Anopterus glandulosus</i>, <i>Ps. asplenii</i> from leaf spots on <i>Asplenium dimorphum</i>, <i>Ps. australiensis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Eucalyptus gunnii</i>, <i>Ps. badjensis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Eucalyptus badjensis</i>, <i>Ps. erythrophloeicola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Erythrophleum chlorostachys</i>, <i>Ps. grevilleae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Grevillea</i> sp., <i>Ps. lophostemonigena</i> from leaf spots on <i>Lophostemon confertus</i>, <i>Ps. lophostemonis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Lophostemon lactifluus</i>, <i>Ps. paramacadamiae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Macadamia integrifolia</i>, <i>Ps. persooniae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Persoonia</i> sp., <i>Ps. pultenaeae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Pultenaea daphnoides</i>, <i>Ps. tristaniopsidis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Tristaniopsis collina</i>, <i>Ps. victoriae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Eucalyptus globoidea</i>. <b>Brazil</b>, <i>Ps. musigena</i> from leaf spots on <i>Musa</i> sp<i>.</i> <b>China</b>, <i>Ps. lonicerae-japonicae</i> from leaf spots on <i>Lonicera japonica</i>, <i>Ps. rubigena</i> leaf spots on <i>Rubus</i> sp. <b>France (Réunion)</b>, <i>Ps. wingfieldii</i> from leaf spots on <i>Acacia heterophylla</i>. <b>Malaysia</b>, <i>Ps. musarum</i> from leaf spots on <i>Musa</i> sp. <b>Netherlands</b>, <i>Ps. rhododendri</i> from leaf spots on <i>Rhododendron</i> sp. <b>South Africa</b>, <i>Ps. balanitis</i> from leaf spots on <i>Balanites</i> sp<i>.</i>, <i>Ps. dovyalidicola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Dovyalis zeyheri</i>, <i>Ps. encephalarticola</i> from leaf spots on <i>Encephalartos</i> sp<i>.</i> <b>South Korea</b>, <i>Ps. grewiana</i> from leaf","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"29-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-05-17DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06
C Trollip, A J Carnegie, C Anderson, M J Priest, B Gorrie, A Daly
Here we report on the detection and surveillance response to two Rugonectria species found in Sydney, Australia, in 2015. Both Rugonectria castaneicola and R. wingfieldii sp. nov. were found in association with cankers on Quercus robur (English oak). The fungi were initially found to be localised on amenity trees in northern Sydney, New South Wales, and as they were new detections for Australia, eradication was considered. Ongoing surveillance across the Sydney basin, regional New South Wales, and the Australian Capital Territory, however, indicated that they were already well established. Species identities were confirmed through morphological examination and molecular barcoding, with the subsequent analysis undertaken to classify R. wingfieldii sp. nov. This study provides the first records of Rugonectria found in association with canker on Oak trees in Australia. Citation: Trollip C, Carnegie AJ, Anderson C, Priest MJ, Gorrie B, Daly A (2024). Response to the detection of Rugonectria castaneicola and Rugonectria wingfieldii sp. nov. on Quercus in Australia. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 123-130. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06.
在此,我们报告了 2015 年在澳大利亚悉尼发现的两种 Rugonectria 的检测和监控情况。新发现的 Rugonectria castaneicola 和 R. wingfieldii sp.这些真菌最初是在新南威尔士州悉尼北部的休闲树上发现的,由于它们是澳大利亚新发现的真菌,因此考虑将其根除。然而,对悉尼盆地、新南威尔士地区和澳大利亚首都领地的持续监测表明,这些真菌已经根深蒂固。通过形态学检查和分子条形码确认了物种身份,随后进行的分析将 R. wingfieldii sp.本研究首次记录了在澳大利亚发现的与橡树腐烂病有关的 Rugonectria。引用:Trollip C, Carnegie AJ, Anderson C, Priest MJ, Gorrie B, Daly A (2024).澳大利亚柞树上发现 Rugonectria castaneicola 和 Rugonectria wingfieldii sp.Fungal Systematics and Evolution 13: 123-130. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06.
{"title":"Response to the detection of <i>Rugonectria castaneicola</i> and <i>Rugonectria wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> on <i>Quercus</i> in Australia.","authors":"C Trollip, A J Carnegie, C Anderson, M J Priest, B Gorrie, A Daly","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we report on the detection and surveillance response to two <i>Rugonectria</i> species found in Sydney, Australia, in 2015. Both <i>Rugonectria castaneicola</i> and <i>R. wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> were found in association with cankers on <i>Quercus robur</i> (English oak). The fungi were initially found to be localised on amenity trees in northern Sydney, New South Wales, and as they were new detections for Australia, eradication was considered. Ongoing surveillance across the Sydney basin, regional New South Wales, and the Australian Capital Territory, however, indicated that they were already well established. Species identities were confirmed through morphological examination and molecular barcoding, with the subsequent analysis undertaken to classify <i>R. wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> This study provides the first records of <i>Rugonectria</i> found in association with canker on Oak trees in Australia. <b>Citation:</b> Trollip C, Carnegie AJ, Anderson C, Priest MJ, Gorrie B, Daly A (2024). Response to the detection of <i>Rugonectria castaneicola</i> and <i>Rugonectria wingfieldii sp. nov.</i> on <i>Quercus</i> in Australia. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 123-130. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.06.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-04-26DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04
M Kemler, T T Denchev, A Feige, C M Denchev, D Begerow
The smut fungal genus Anthracoidea contains more than 100 species that parasitize hosts predominantly in the sedge genus Carex. Anthracoidea species are mainly found in the boreal zones of the Northern Hemisphere and many species have an arctic-alpine distribution. Recent re-organization of the taxonomy of the main host genus Carex questions current understanding of host associations in Anthracoidea. Host specificity for many of the species in this genus is considered to be quite broad and a host spectrum of over 10 host species is common. One aim of the study is to understand the potential influence that host taxonomy has on the evolutionary patterns of Anthracoidea. Additionally, by including more specimens, we clarify host specificity and species delimitation in Anthracoidea sempervirentis, a prevalent species occurring on different host species in different Carex subgroups using molecular data. Host colonization patterns within Anthracoidea are complex, and different subclades of Carex have been colonized several times independently, whereas clades of related Anthracoidea species often occur on Carex species from the same host clade. Parasites previously thought to be Anthracoidea sempervirentis occurring on the different Carex host are shown to be at least four distinct species that are restricted to individual host species. Three new species, Anthracoidea ferrugineae on Carex ferruginea from the Alps and the Carpathians, A. firmae on Carex firma from the Alps, and A. kitaibelianae on Carex kitaibeliana from mountains in the Balkan Peninsula, are described and illustrated. An emended description of Anthracoidea sempervirentis is also provided. Anthracoidea sempervirentis in its emended circumscription consists of two clades that correspond to respective clades within Carex sempervirens. The study shows that host colonization in Anthracoidea is more complex than current host taxonomy suggests. Further, including several specimens per host species results in a much higher diversity within Anthracoidea than previously assumed. Citation: Kemler M, Denchev TT, Feige A, Denchev CM, Begerow D (2024). Host specificity in the fungal plant parasite Anthracoidea sempervirentis (Anthracoideaceae, Ustilaginales) reveals three new species and indicates a potential split in the host plant Carex sempervirens. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 91-110. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04.
烟霉菌属(Anthracoidea)包含 100 多个物种,主要寄生于莎草属(Carex)的宿主。Anthracoidea 属的物种主要分布在北半球的北方地区,许多物种分布在北极-高山地区。最近对主要寄主薹草属(Carex)的分类进行了重新整理,这质疑了目前对蚁属寄主关联的理解。该属许多物种的寄主特异性被认为相当广泛,寄主谱超过 10 种的情况很常见。这项研究的目的之一是了解寄主分类对Anthracoidea进化模式的潜在影响。此外,通过纳入更多的标本,我们利用分子数据澄清了半栉水母(Anthracoidea sempervirentis)的寄主特异性和物种划分,该物种在不同的薹草亚群中出现在不同的寄主物种上。Anthracoidea 的宿主定殖模式非常复杂,不同的薹草亚支系曾多次被独立定殖,而相关 Anthracoidea 种类的支系则经常发生在同一宿主支系的薹草种类上。以前认为寄生在不同薹草寄主上的半知母蚁(Anthracoidea sempervirentis)被证明是至少四个不同的物种,它们局限于个别寄主物种。描述并说明了三个新种,即阿尔卑斯山和喀尔巴阡山脉铁线蕨上的 Anthracoidea ferrugineae、阿尔卑斯山铁线蕨上的 A. firmae 和巴尔干半岛山区鸢尾上的 A. kitaibelianae。此外,还提供了对 Anthracoidea sempervirentis 的修订描述。修改后的半pervirentis Anthracoidea 包括两个支系,分别对应半蕨薹草(Carex sempervirens)中的两个支系。该研究表明,蚁属植物的宿主定殖比目前的宿主分类学所认为的要复杂得多。此外,将每个寄主物种的几个标本包括在内,会导致 Anthracoidea 内的多样性比以前假设的要高得多。引用:Kemler M, Denchev TT, Feige A, Denchev CM, Begerow D (2024).真菌植物寄生虫 Anthracoidea sempervirentis(Anthracoideaceae, Ustilaginales)的宿主特异性揭示了三个新种,并表明宿主植物 Carex sempervirens 有可能分裂。Fungal Systematics and Evolution 13: 91-110. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04.
{"title":"Host specificity in the fungal plant parasite <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> (<i>Anthracoideaceae</i>, <i>Ustilaginales</i>) reveals three new species and indicates a potential split in the host plant <i>Carex sempervirens</i>.","authors":"M Kemler, T T Denchev, A Feige, C M Denchev, D Begerow","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The smut fungal genus <i>Anthracoidea</i> contains more than 100 species that parasitize hosts predominantly in the sedge genus <i>Carex</i>. <i>Anthracoidea</i> species are mainly found in the boreal zones of the Northern Hemisphere and many species have an arctic-alpine distribution. Recent re-organization of the taxonomy of the main host genus <i>Carex</i> questions current understanding of host associations in <i>Anthracoidea</i>. Host specificity for many of the species in this genus is considered to be quite broad and a host spectrum of over 10 host species is common. One aim of the study is to understand the potential influence that host taxonomy has on the evolutionary patterns of <i>Anthracoidea</i>. Additionally, by including more specimens, we clarify host specificity and species delimitation in <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i>, a prevalent species occurring on different host species in different <i>Carex</i> subgroups using molecular data. Host colonization patterns within <i>Anthracoidea</i> are complex, and different subclades of <i>Carex</i> have been colonized several times independently, whereas clades of related <i>Anthracoidea</i> species often occur on <i>Carex</i> species from the same host clade. Parasites previously thought to be <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> occurring on the different <i>Carex</i> host are shown to be at least four distinct species that are restricted to individual host species. Three new species, <i>Anthracoidea ferrugineae</i> on <i>Carex ferruginea</i> from the Alps and the Carpathians<i>, A. firmae</i> on <i>Carex firma</i> from the Alps<i>,</i> and <i>A. kitaibelianae</i> on <i>Carex kitaibeliana</i> from mountains in the Balkan Peninsula, are described and illustrated. An emended description of <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> is also provided. <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> in its emended circumscription consists of two clades that correspond to respective clades within <i>Carex sempervirens</i>. The study shows that host colonization in <i>Anthracoidea</i> is more complex than current host taxonomy suggests. Further, including several specimens per host species results in a much higher diversity within <i>Anthracoidea</i> than previously assumed. <b>Citation:</b> Kemler M, Denchev TT, Feige A, Denchev CM, Begerow D (2024). Host specificity in the fungal plant parasite <i>Anthracoidea sempervirentis</i> (<i>Anthracoideaceae, Ustilaginales</i>) reveals three new species and indicates a potential split in the host plant <i>Carex sempervirens</i>. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 91-110. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.04.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"91-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-06-07DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08
Y Liu, S F Chen
Species of Cylindrocladiella are saprobic or plant pathogenic, and widely distributed in soil in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Limited information is available about the species diversity and distribution of Cylindrocladiella in China. The aim of this study was to identify the Cylindrocladiella isolates from soils collected in a Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in the Yunnan Province of southwestern China. Species identification was based on DNA phylogeny of his3, ITS, tef1 and tub2 regions, combined with morphological characteristics. Isolates obtained were identified as Cylindrocladiella longistipitata and a novel species, described here as C. yunnanensis sp. nov. Further studies are required, however, to elucidate the lifestyles of these taxa.Citation: Liu Y, Chen SF (2024). Cylindrocladiella species from Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation soils in southwestern China. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 143-152. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08.
Cylindrocladiella 菌种具有吸食或植物致病性,广泛分布于世界热带和亚热带地区的土壤中。有关中国 Cylindrocladiella 的物种多样性和分布情况的资料有限。本研究的目的是鉴定从中国西南部云南省杉木种植园土壤中采集的 Cylindrocladiella 分离物。物种鉴定基于 his3、ITS、tef1 和 tub2 区域的 DNA 系统发育,并结合形态特征。获得的分离株被鉴定为 Cylindrocladiella longistipitata 和一个新种,即 C. yunnanensis sp.然而,要阐明这些类群的生活方式还需要进一步的研究。引用:Liu Y, Chen SF (2024).中国西南杉木种植园土壤中的 Cylindrocladiella 菌种。Fungal Systematics and Evolution 13: 143-152. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08.
{"title":"<i>Cylindrocladiella</i> species from <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation soils in southwestern China.","authors":"Y Liu, S F Chen","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species of <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> are saprobic or plant pathogenic, and widely distributed in soil in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Limited information is available about the species diversity and distribution of <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> in China. The aim of this study was to identify the <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> isolates from soils collected in a <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation in the Yunnan Province of southwestern China. Species identification was based on DNA phylogeny of <i>his3</i>, ITS, <i>tef1</i> and <i>tub2</i> regions, combined with morphological characteristics. Isolates obtained were identified as <i>Cylindrocladiella longistipitata</i> and a novel species, described here as <i>C. yunnanensis sp. nov</i>. Further studies are required, however, to elucidate the lifestyles of these taxa<i>.</i> <b>Citation:</b> Liu Y, Chen SF (2024). <i>Cylindrocladiella</i> species from <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation soils in southwestern China. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 143-152. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.08.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"143-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-07DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01
J N Mack, A Sproule, S W Shields, K A Seifert, M Smith, D P Overy
During a survey of culturable microfungi from the bark of sugar maple (Acer saccharum), Atrocalyx glutinosus and Nigrograna rubescens, two novel species of Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes) were isolated from several locations in eastern Ontario, Canada. Formal species descriptions are presented based on unique colony phenotypes and micromorphological characteristics and supported using multi-locus molecular phylogenetic comparisons with similar species. Both A. glutinosus and N. rubescens produce pycnidial asexual morphs in culture. As their names imply, under specific culture conditions, A. glutinosus excretes large amounts of the glutinous polysaccharide pullulan and N. rubescens produces a dark red naphthoquinone pigment that diffuses in the culture medium. Citation: Mack JN, Sproule A, Shields SW, Seifert KA, Smith M, Overy DP (2024). Two novel Pleosporales species isolated from the bark of Acer saccharum . Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 1-14. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01.
在对糖槭树(Acer saccharum)、Atrocalyx glutinosus 和 Nigrograna rubescens 树皮中可培养的微真菌进行调查期间,从加拿大安大略省东部的几个地方分离出了两个新的 Pleosporales(Dothideomycetes)物种。根据独特的菌落表型和微形态特征进行了正式的物种描述,并通过与相似物种的多焦点分子系统进化比较进行了佐证。A. glutinosus 和 N. rubescens 在培养过程中都会产生无性形态的菌丝。顾名思义,在特定的培养条件下,A. glutinosus 会排出大量的糯性多糖 pullulan,而 N. rubescens 则会产生一种暗红色的萘醌色素,这种色素会在培养基中扩散。引用:Mack JN, Sproule A, Shields SW, Seifert KA, Smith M, Overy DP (2024).从槭树树皮中分离出的两个新的 Pleosporales 菌种 .Fungal Systematics and Evolution 13: 1-14. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01.
{"title":"Two novel <i>Pleosporales</i> species isolated from the bark of <i>Acer saccharum</i>.","authors":"J N Mack, A Sproule, S W Shields, K A Seifert, M Smith, D P Overy","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During a survey of culturable microfungi from the bark of sugar maple (<i>Acer saccharum</i>), <i>Atrocalyx glutinosus</i> and <i>Nigrograna rubescens</i>, two novel species of <i>Pleosporales</i> (<i>Dothideomycetes</i>) were isolated from several locations in eastern Ontario, Canada. Formal species descriptions are presented based on unique colony phenotypes and micromorphological characteristics and supported using multi-locus molecular phylogenetic comparisons with similar species. Both <i>A. glutinosus</i> and <i>N. rubescens</i> produce pycnidial asexual morphs in culture. As their names imply, under specific culture conditions, <i>A. glutinosus</i> excretes large amounts of the glutinous polysaccharide pullulan and <i>N. rubescens</i> produces a dark red naphthoquinone pigment that diffuses in the culture medium. <b>Citation:</b> Mack JN, Sproule A, Shields SW, Seifert KA, Smith M, Overy DP (2024). Two novel <i>Pleosporales</i> species isolated from the bark of <i>Acer saccharum . Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 1-14. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.01.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-14DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02
D L Wertman, J B Tanney, R C Hamelin, A L Carroll
A taxonomically comprehensive perspective on the fungal associates of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), and powerful molecular tools for detection of these fungi, are imperative to understanding bark beetle impacts on forest ecosystems. The most common filamentous fungi living alongside bark beetles in infested trees are ophiostomatoids (Ascomycota: Ophiostomatales and Microascales), yet an undescribed species of Neonectria (Neonectria sp. nov.; Ascomycota: Hypocreales) was recently identified cohabitating with the alder bark beetle, Alniphagus aspericollis, in red alder, Alnus rubra. The hardwood-infesting alder bark beetle is found throughout the range of its red alder host in the Pacific Coast region of North America and is associated with Neonectria sp. nov. in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. The aim of this study was to describe and name Neonectria sp. nov. and to develop a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay to enable rapid detection of Neonectria sp. nov. from individual adult alder bark beetles and to define the distribution of the fungus. Neonectria sp. nov. was phylogenetically and morphologically determined to represent a distinct species closely related to N. ditissima and is described herein as Neonectria bordenii sp. nov. Neonectria bordenii was reliably detected from individual whole-beetle DNA extractions using a probe-based qPCR assay targeting multi-copy internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The qPCR assay amplified the fungus from 87.8 % (36/41) of individual alder bark beetle samples and was highly sensitive to N. bordenii, with a lower limit of detection of 1 × 10-6 ng/μL of culture DNA (or ~262 genome copies). Application of the qPCR assay developed in this study will expedite future research evaluating N. bordenii as a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle. Citation: Wertman DL, Tanney JB, Hamelin RC, Carroll AL (2024). Neonectria bordenii sp. nov., a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle, and its detection by quantitative PCR. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 15-28. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02.
要了解树皮甲虫对森林生态系统的影响,就必须从分类学的角度全面研究树皮甲虫(鞘翅目:卷须科:鞘翅目)的真菌伴生物,并利用强大的分子工具来检测这些真菌。与树皮甲虫一起生活在受侵染树木中的最常见丝状真菌是表皮真菌(子囊菌目:表皮真菌纲和微囊真菌纲),然而最近在红赤杨(Alnus rubra)中发现了一种未被描述的新菌类(Neonectria sp.nov.;子囊菌目:Hypocreales)与赤杨树皮甲虫(Alniphagus aspericollis)共生。这种侵袭硬木的赤杨树皮甲虫遍布北美太平洋沿岸地区的红赤杨寄主,在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部与 Neonectria sp.本研究的目的是描述和命名 Neonectria sp.经系统发育和形态学测定,Neonectria sp.使用以核核糖体 DNA 的多拷贝内部转录间隔(ITS)为目标的探针式 qPCR 分析法,可从个体全甲虫 DNA 提取物中可靠地检测到 Neonectria bordenii。该 qPCR 检测方法可从 87.8% (36/41)的桤木树皮甲虫样本中扩增出该真菌,并且对 N. bordenii 高度敏感,检测下限为 1 × 10-6 ng/μL 培养 DNA(或 ~262 个基因组拷贝)。本研究中开发的 qPCR 检测方法的应用将加速未来评估 N. bordenii 作为桤木树皮甲虫潜在共生体的研究。引用:Wertman DL, Tanney JB, Hamelin RC, Carroll AL (2024).Neonectria bordenii sp.Fungal Systematics and Evolution 13: 15-28. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02.
{"title":"<i>Neonectria bordenii sp. nov.</i>, a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle, and its detection by quantitative PCR.","authors":"D L Wertman, J B Tanney, R C Hamelin, A L Carroll","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A taxonomically comprehensive perspective on the fungal associates of bark beetles (<i>Coleoptera</i>: <i>Curculionidae</i>: <i>Scolytinae</i>), and powerful molecular tools for detection of these fungi, are imperative to understanding bark beetle impacts on forest ecosystems. The most common filamentous fungi living alongside bark beetles in infested trees are ophiostomatoids (<i>Ascomycota</i>: <i>Ophiostomatales</i> and <i>Microascales</i>), yet an undescribed species of <i>Neonectria</i> (<i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i>; <i>Ascomycota</i>: <i>Hypocreales</i>) was recently identified cohabitating with the alder bark beetle, <i>Alniphagus aspericollis</i>, in red alder, <i>Alnus rubra</i>. The hardwood-infesting alder bark beetle is found throughout the range of its red alder host in the Pacific Coast region of North America and is associated with <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. The aim of this study was to describe and name <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> and to develop a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay to enable rapid detection of <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> from individual adult alder bark beetles and to define the distribution of the fungus. <i>Neonectria sp. nov.</i> was phylogenetically and morphologically determined to represent a distinct species closely related to <i>N. ditissima</i> and is described herein as <i>Neonectria bordenii sp. nov. Neonectria bordenii</i> was reliably detected from individual whole-beetle DNA extractions using a probe-based qPCR assay targeting multi-copy internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The qPCR assay amplified the fungus from 87.8 % (36/41) of individual alder bark beetle samples and was highly sensitive to <i>N. bordenii</i>, with a lower limit of detection of 1 × 10<sup>-6</sup> ng/μL of culture DNA (or ~262 genome copies). Application of the qPCR assay developed in this study will expedite future research evaluating <i>N. bordenii</i> as a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle. <b>Citation:</b> Wertman DL, Tanney JB, Hamelin RC, Carroll AL (2024). <i>Neonectria bordenii sp. nov.</i>, a potential symbiote of the alder bark beetle, and its detection by quantitative PCR. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 15-28. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.02.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"15-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11317864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-06-07DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07
B Slippers, E Ramabulana, M P A Coetzee
Members of the Botryosphaeriaceae are well-known endophytes and stress-related pathogens. We recently characterised the diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae in healthy tissues of three tree species in the Anacardiaceae, namely Sclerocarya birrea, Mangifera indica and Lannea schweinfurthii. Here we ask how that diversity compares with the Botryosphaeriaceae diversity associated with dieback on those tree species. Samples were collected from agroecosystems (Tshikundamalema and Tshipise in Limpopo) and conservation areas (Nwanedi and the Mapungubwe National Park in Limpopo and the Kruger National Park in Mpumalanga) ecosystems. Species were characterised using multigene sequence data and morphological data. Diplodia allocellula, Dothiorella brevicollis, Do. viticola, Lasiodiplodia crassispora, L. mahajangana and Neofusicoccum parvum occurred on both asymptomatic and symptomatic samples. Dothiorella dulcispinea, L. gonubiensis and L. exigua, as well as a previously unknown species described here as Oblongocollomyces ednahkunjekuae sp. nov, only occurred in asymptomatic branches. An interesting aspect of the biology of O. ednahkunjekuaeae is that it appears to be adapted to higher temperatures, with an optimum growth at 30 °C, and faster growth at 35 °C than at 25 °C. Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae only occurred in symptomatic branches. Neofusicoccum parvum was notably absent from conservation areas, and in agroecosystem it was most common on M. indica. Only L. crassispora and L. mahajangana overlapped on all three tree species and were the dominant species associated with dieback. These results show that not all Botryosphaeriaceae occurring asymptomatically in an area contribute equally to disease development on a related group of hosts, and that environmental disturbance plays a significant role in the distribution of N. parvum. Citation: Slippers B, Ramabulana E, Coetzee MPA (2024). Botryosphaeriaceae partially overlap on asymptomatic and symptomatic tissues of Anacardiaceae in agroecosystems and conservation areas in northern South Africa. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 131-142. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07.
Botryosphaeriaceae 的成员是众所周知的内生菌和与压力相关的病原体。最近,我们研究了木犀科(Anacardiaceae)三个树种(Sclerocarya birrea、Mangifera indica 和 Lannea schweinfurthii)健康组织中 Botryosphaeriaceae 的多样性。在这里,我们要问的是,这种多样性与这些树种上与枯萎病相关的 Botryosphaeriaceae 多样性相比如何。样本采集自农业生态系统(林波波省的奇昆达马莱马和奇希皮塞)和保护区(林波波省的恩瓦内迪和马蓬古布韦国家公园以及姆普马兰加省的克鲁格国家公园)生态系统。利用多基因序列数据和形态学数据对物种进行了特征描述。Diplodia allocellula、Dothiorella brevicollis、Do. viticola、Lasiodiplodia crassispora、L. mahajangana 和 Neofusicoccum parvum 均出现在无症状和有症状的样本中。Dothiorella dulcispinea、L. gonubiensis 和 L. exigua 以及一个以前未知的物种,即 Oblongocollomyces ednahkunjekuae sp.O. ednahkunjekuae 生物学上一个有趣的方面是,它似乎适应较高的温度,在 30 °C 时生长最佳,在 35 °C 时比在 25 °C 时生长更快。Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae 只出现在有症状的枝条上。Neofusicoccum parvum 在保护区明显缺乏,而在农业生态系统中,它在籼稻上最为常见。只有 L. crassispora 和 L. mahajangana 在所有三种树种上都有重叠,是与枯萎病相关的主要物种。这些结果表明,并非所有在一个地区出现症状的 Botryosphaeriaceae 对相关寄主群的疾病发展都有同样的贡献,环境干扰在 N. parvum 的分布中起着重要作用。引用:Slippers B, Ramabulana E, Coetzee MPA (2024).Botryosphaeriaceae 部分重叠于南非北部农业生态系统和保护区中 Anacardiaceae 的无症状和有症状组织上。Fungal Systematics and Evolution 13: 131-142. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07.
{"title":"<i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> partially overlap on asymptomatic and symptomatic tissues of <i>Anacardiaceae</i> in agroecosystems and conservation areas in northern South Africa.","authors":"B Slippers, E Ramabulana, M P A Coetzee","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> are well-known endophytes and stress-related pathogens. We recently characterised the diversity of <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> in healthy tissues of three tree species in the <i>Anacardiaceae</i>, namely <i>Sclerocarya birrea</i>, <i>Mangifera indica</i> and <i>Lannea schweinfurthii</i>. Here we ask how that diversity compares with the <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> diversity associated with dieback on those tree species. Samples were collected from agroecosystems (Tshikundamalema and Tshipise in Limpopo) and conservation areas (Nwanedi and the Mapungubwe National Park in Limpopo and the Kruger National Park in Mpumalanga) ecosystems. Species were characterised using multigene sequence data and morphological data. <i>Diplodia allocellula</i>, <i>Dothiorella brevicollis</i>, <i>Do. viticola</i>, <i>Lasiodiplodia crassispora</i>, <i>L. mahajangana</i> and <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> occurred on both asymptomatic and symptomatic samples<i>. Dothiorella dulcispinea</i>, <i>L. gonubiensis</i> and <i>L. exigua</i>, as well as a previously unknown species described here as <i>Oblongocollomyces ednahkunjekuae sp. nov</i>, only occurred in asymptomatic branches. An interesting aspect of the biology of <i>O. ednahkunjekuaeae</i> is that it appears to be adapted to higher temperatures, with an optimum growth at 30 °C, and faster growth at 35 °C than at 25 °C. <i>Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae</i> only occurred in symptomatic branches. <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> was notably absent from conservation areas, and in agroecosystem it was most common on <i>M. indica</i>. Only <i>L. crassispora</i> and <i>L. mahajangana</i> overlapped on all three tree species and were the dominant species associated with dieback. These results show that not all <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> occurring asymptomatically in an area contribute equally to disease development on a related group of hosts, and that environmental disturbance plays a significant role in the distribution of <i>N. parvum</i>. <b>Citation:</b> Slippers B, Ramabulana E, Coetzee MPA (2024). <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> partially overlap on asymptomatic and symptomatic tissues of <i>Anacardiaceae</i> in agroecosystems and conservation areas in northern South Africa. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 131-142. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.07.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"131-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-06-07DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09
P W Crous, J Dijksterhuis, M Figge, M Sandoval-Denis
Fusarium agapanthi is newly reported from the centre of origin of Agapanthus in South Africa, where it is associated with dead flower stalks of Agapanthus praecox. Mjuua agapanthi, a rare hyphomycete with a morphology corresponding to asexual morphs of Pyxidiophora, was isolated as mycoparasitic on F. agapanthi, along with bacteria that co-occurred in synnematal heads of M. agapanthi. Germinating conidia of M. agapanthi were observed to parasitise germinating conidia of F. agapanthi. Although M. agapanthi could not be cultivated on its own, the association with Fusarium proved to not be restricted to F. agapanthi, as it could also be cultivated with other Fusarium spp. Mjuua agapanthi is a member of Pyxidiophorales, an order of obligate insect parasitic microfungi. The exact role of the bacteria in synnematal heads of M. agapanthi remains to be further elucidated, although one bacterium, Alsobacter metallidurans, appeared to cause lysis of the synnematal conidial cell walls. This discovery suggests that many unculturable obligate biotrophic microbes can probably be cultivated if co-cultivated with their respective hosts. Citation: Crous PW, Dijksterhuis J, Figge M, Sandoval-Denis M (2024). Mjuua agapanthi gen. et sp. nov., a biotrophic mycoparasite of Fusarium spp. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 153-161. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09.
新近报告的 Agapanthi 镰刀霉产于南非 Agapanthus 的原产地中心,在那里它与 Agapanthus praecox 的枯萎花茎有关。Mjuua agapanthi 是一种罕见的拟真菌,其形态与 Pyxidiophora 的无性形态相似,被分离出来寄生在 F. agapanthi 上,同时在 M. agapanthi 的合生头状花序中也有细菌共生。观察到 M. agapanthi 的发芽分生孢子寄生在 F. agapanthi 的发芽分生孢子上。虽然 M. agapanthi 无法单独培养,但事实证明,它与镰刀菌的结合并不局限于 F. agapanthi,因为它还可以与其他镰刀菌属一起培养。 Mjuua agapanthi 是 Pyxidiophorales 的成员,Pyxidiophorales 是一种必须寄生于昆虫的微真菌。细菌在 M. agapanthi 合蕊头状花序中的确切作用仍有待进一步阐明,不过有一种细菌(Asobacter metallidurans)似乎能导致合蕊分生孢子细胞壁裂解。这一发现表明,如果与各自的宿主共同培养,许多不可培养的强制性生物营养微生物都有可能被培养出来。引用:Crous PW, Dijksterhuis J, Figge M, Sandoval-Denis M (2024).Mjuua agapanthi gen.
{"title":"<i>Mjuua agapanthi gen. et sp. nov</i>., a biotrophic mycoparasite of <i>Fusarium</i> spp.","authors":"P W Crous, J Dijksterhuis, M Figge, M Sandoval-Denis","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Fusarium agapanthi</i> is newly reported from the centre of origin of <i>Agapanthus</i> in South Africa, where it is associated with dead flower stalks of <i>Agapanthus praecox</i>. <i>Mjuua agapanthi</i>, a rare hyphomycete with a morphology corresponding to asexual morphs of <i>Pyxidiophora</i>, was isolated as mycoparasitic on <i>F. agapanthi</i>, along with bacteria that co-occurred in synnematal heads of <i>M. agapanthi.</i> Germinating conidia of <i>M. agapanthi</i> were observed to parasitise germinating conidia of <i>F. agapanthi</i>. Although <i>M. agapanthi</i> could not be cultivated on its own, the association with <i>Fusarium</i> proved to not be restricted to <i>F. agapanthi</i>, as it could also be cultivated with other <i>Fusarium</i> spp. <i>Mjuua agapanthi</i> is a member of <i>Pyxidiophorales</i>, an order of obligate insect parasitic microfungi. The exact role of the bacteria in synnematal heads of <i>M. agapanthi</i> remains to be further elucidated, although one bacterium, <i>Alsobacter metallidurans</i>, appeared to cause lysis of the synnematal conidial cell walls<i>.</i> This discovery suggests that many unculturable obligate biotrophic microbes can probably be cultivated if co-cultivated with their respective hosts. <b>Citation:</b> Crous PW, Dijksterhuis J, Figge M, Sandoval-Denis M (2024). <i>Mjuua agapanthi gen. et sp. nov</i>., a biotrophic mycoparasite of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 153-161. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.09.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-06-07DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.10
C M Visagie, E M Cruywagen, T A Duong
During a survey of fungi on electricity utility poles in South Africa, a diverse range of fungi were discovered. Paecilomyces was frequently isolated, with five species identified using ITS and β-tubulin (BenA) sequences. These were P. brunneolus, P. dactylethromorphus, P. lecythidis, P. paravariotii and a potential new species. The genomes of 30 of these strains were subsequently sequenced and used in a phylogenomic analysis with 45 previously published genomes of the genus. Phylogenetic analyses were also conducted using ITS, BenA, calmodulin (CaM), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1), the genes coding for the theta subunit of the TCP-1 chaperonin complex (Cct8), and for a putative ribosome biogenesis protein (Tsr1). Both phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses supported the 15 Paecilomyces species currently accepted and confirmed the novelty of the new species, which we describe as P. lignorum. The latter is the sister species of P. brunneolus and belongs to a clade also containing P. variotii and P. paravariotii. Morphologically, the new species produces longer ellipsoidal conidia and grows more restricted on malt extract agar at 30 °C compared to its closest relatives. Citation: Visagie CM, Cruywagen EM, Duong TA (2024). A new Paecilomyces from wooden utility poles in South Africa. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 163-181. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.10.
在对南非电线杆上的真菌进行调查期间,发现了多种真菌。通过 ITS 和 β-tubulin(BenA)序列确定了 5 个物种。这些菌种分别是布鲁内罗氏真菌(P. brunneolus)、半木质化真菌(P. dactylethromorphus)、lecythidis 真菌(P. lecythidis)、paravariotii 真菌和一个潜在的新菌种。随后对其中 30 个菌株的基因组进行了测序,并与之前发表的 45 个该属的基因组进行了系统发生组分析。系统进化分析还使用了 ITS、BenA、钙调蛋白(CaM)、RNA 聚合酶 II 第二大亚基(RPB2)、RNA 聚合酶 II 最大亚基(RPB1)、TCP-1 合子蛋白复合物(Cct8)θ 亚基的编码基因以及推测的核糖体生物生成蛋白(Tsr1)。系统发生组学和系统发生学分析都支持目前公认的 15 个 Paecilomyces 物种,并证实了新物种的新颖性,我们将其描述为 P. lignorum。后者是 P. brunneolus 的姊妹种,属于一个包含 P. variotii 和 P. paravariotii 的支系。从形态上看,与近缘种相比,新种能产生更长的椭圆形分生孢子,在 30 °C 的麦芽提取物琼脂上生长更受限制。引用:Visagie CM, Cruywagen EM, Duong TA (2024).一种产自南非木质电线杆的新 Paecilomyces。真菌系统学与进化 13: 163-181. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.10.
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Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-05-17DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05
T Paap, F Balocchi, T I Burgess, T Bose, M J Wingfield
The genus Phytophthora contains many destructive and globally important plant pathogens. In the last decade, targeted sampling efforts have resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of known species, as well as a better understanding of their global distribution. Routine activities undertaken in botanical gardens, combined with great numbers of local and international visitors, place botanical gardens at risk to the accidental introduction and establishment of pathogens such as Phytophthora spp. In this study, the occurrence of Phytophthora was investigated in two botanical gardens in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa. Symptomatic collar and stem tissues were collected, and root and rhizosphere soil samples were taken from trees exhibiting symptoms of decline. Standard baiting techniques and direct plating of symptomatic tissues revealed the presence of seven species of Phytophthora residing in four phylogenetic clades. Five of these species, P. cinnamomi, P. citrophthora, P. multivora, P. parvispora and the informally designated taxon Phytophthora sp. stellaris were known to be present in South Africa and P. aquimorbida was recorded for the first time. Of these, P. citrophthora represented a novel host-pathogen association causing bleeding cankers on indigenous Celtis africana. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, βtub, cox1 and hsp90 sequences showed the presence of an undescribed species belonging to the Phytophthora ITS Clade 5. This species is described here as Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov. This study highlights the importance of monitoring botanical gardens for the detection and discovery of pathogens and emphasises their value as sites for the discovery of novel host-pathogen associations. Citation: Paap T, Balocchi F, Burgess TI, Bose T, Wingfield MJ (2024). A diverse range of Phytophthora species from botanical gardens in South Africa, including the novel Clade 5 species, Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov. Fungal Systematics and Evolution13: 111-122. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05.
{"title":"A diverse range of <i>Phytophthora</i> species from botanical gardens in South Africa, including the novel Clade 5 species, <i>Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov</i>.","authors":"T Paap, F Balocchi, T I Burgess, T Bose, M J Wingfield","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> The genus <i>Phytophthora</i> contains many destructive and globally important plant pathogens. In the last decade, targeted sampling efforts have resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of known species, as well as a better understanding of their global distribution. Routine activities undertaken in botanical gardens, combined with great numbers of local and international visitors, place botanical gardens at risk to the accidental introduction and establishment of pathogens such as <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. In this study, the occurrence of <i>Phytophthora</i> was investigated in two botanical gardens in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa. Symptomatic collar and stem tissues were collected, and root and rhizosphere soil samples were taken from trees exhibiting symptoms of decline. Standard baiting techniques and direct plating of symptomatic tissues revealed the presence of seven species of <i>Phytophthora</i> residing in four phylogenetic clades. Five of these species, <i>P. cinnamomi, P. citrophthora, P. multivora, P. parvispora</i> and the informally designated taxon <i>Phytophthora</i> sp. stellaris were known to be present in South Africa and <i>P. aquimorbida</i> was recorded for the first time. Of these, <i>P. citrophthora</i> represented a novel host-pathogen association causing bleeding cankers on indigenous <i>Celtis africana</i>. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, <i>βtub, cox1</i> and <i>hsp90</i> sequences showed the presence of an undescribed species belonging to the <i>Phytophthora</i> ITS Clade 5. This species is described here as <i>Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov</i>. This study highlights the importance of monitoring botanical gardens for the detection and discovery of pathogens and emphasises their value as sites for the discovery of novel host-pathogen associations. <b>Citation:</b> Paap T, Balocchi F, Burgess TI, Bose T, Wingfield MJ (2024). A diverse range of <i>Phytophthora</i> species from botanical gardens in South Africa, including the novel Clade 5 species, <i>Phytophthora mammiformis sp. nov</i>. <i>Fungal Systematics and Evolution</i> <b>13</b>: 111-122. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.05.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":"13 ","pages":"111-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}