Functional Disability in Patients with Mood Disorders at St Paul's Hospital Psychiatry Clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019.

Abstract

Background: Functional disability is defined as limitations in performing socially defined roles and tasks expected within a sociocultural and physical environment. Functionality is a result of good mental health care. This study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinants of functional disability among patients with a mood disorders treated at St Paul's Hospital outpatient psychiatry clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 2019.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We used consecutive sampling to select respondents. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule version 2.0. Data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and exported to SPSS 22.0 for analysis. Linear regression analysis was used to identify significant variables associated with outcomes.

Results: This study enrolled 235 respondents with a 100% nonresponse rate, and 62.5% were diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Mean disability score was 30.2%±32.4%. Nearly a quarter of respondents had had difficulties every day with day-to-day activity for the past 30 days. Current level of improvement (no change, β=10.5, 95% CI 3.85-17.2), relapse (β=6.15, 95% CI 1.34-10.9) and self-stigma (β=4.36, 95% CI 1.39-7.33) were strong predictors of disability score (P<0.05).

Conclusion: This study found a mean disability score of 30.2%. Current level of improvement and self-stigma were variables associated with disability, so working with stakeholders to focus on patients' clinical improvement from their illness and self-stigma will be vital to enhance their functionality.