Adam J. Ripley, Joshua D. Clapp, Benjamin M. Wilkowski
{"title":"Trauma and aggression: Evaluating the influence of primed hostility and survivor sex","authors":"Adam J. Ripley, Joshua D. Clapp, Benjamin M. Wilkowski","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12386","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objectives</h3>\n \n <p>The relation between posttrauma symptoms and aggression is an area of growing interest in the larger clinical literature. The current project looked to examine the impact of primed hostility on aggressive responding in men and women with and without a history of prior trauma.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Design</h3>\n \n <p>Experimental aggression paradigm assessed in a 2 (Group) × 2 (Sex) × 2 (Prime) mixed factorial ANOVA.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Trauma-naïve participants (<i>N</i> = 52) and survivors reporting active symptoms (<i>N</i> = 43) were exposed to hostile and neutral lexical primes in what was presented as a reaction time task played against an unseen ‘opponent’. In actuality, ‘wins’ and ‘losses’ during the task were assigned by an automated system. The intensity of an aversive sound blast delivered by participants to the supposed opponent in trials the participant ‘won’ served as an index of behavioural aggression.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Repeated-measures ANOVA identified a between-by-within interaction of exposure group and lexical prime (<i>p</i> = .010; <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msubsup>\n <mi>η</mi>\n <mi>p</mi>\n <mn>2</mn>\n </msubsup>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> = .070), with trauma-exposed participants (<i>p</i> = .002, Δ = .30), but not controls (<i>p</i> = .159, Δ = .11), demonstrating elevations in aggression subsequent to hostile priming. A sex by prime interaction (<i>p</i> = .001; <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msubsup>\n <mi>η</mi>\n <mi>p</mi>\n <mn>2</mn>\n </msubsup>\n </mrow>\n </semantics></math> = .117) similarly indicated elevated aggression following hostile priming in men (<i>p</i> = .007, Δ = .58) as compared to women (<i>p</i> = .062, Δ = .10).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Results offer preliminary support for the association of situationally primed hostility and biological sex with aggressive responding in survivors reporting active symptoms.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"61 4","pages":"1154-1168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjc.12386","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives
The relation between posttrauma symptoms and aggression is an area of growing interest in the larger clinical literature. The current project looked to examine the impact of primed hostility on aggressive responding in men and women with and without a history of prior trauma.
Design
Experimental aggression paradigm assessed in a 2 (Group) × 2 (Sex) × 2 (Prime) mixed factorial ANOVA.
Methods
Trauma-naïve participants (N = 52) and survivors reporting active symptoms (N = 43) were exposed to hostile and neutral lexical primes in what was presented as a reaction time task played against an unseen ‘opponent’. In actuality, ‘wins’ and ‘losses’ during the task were assigned by an automated system. The intensity of an aversive sound blast delivered by participants to the supposed opponent in trials the participant ‘won’ served as an index of behavioural aggression.
Results
Repeated-measures ANOVA identified a between-by-within interaction of exposure group and lexical prime (p = .010; = .070), with trauma-exposed participants (p = .002, Δ = .30), but not controls (p = .159, Δ = .11), demonstrating elevations in aggression subsequent to hostile priming. A sex by prime interaction (p = .001; = .117) similarly indicated elevated aggression following hostile priming in men (p = .007, Δ = .58) as compared to women (p = .062, Δ = .10).
Conclusions
Results offer preliminary support for the association of situationally primed hostility and biological sex with aggressive responding in survivors reporting active symptoms.
期刊介绍:
The British Journal of Clinical Psychology publishes original research, both empirical and theoretical, on all aspects of clinical psychology: - clinical and abnormal psychology featuring descriptive or experimental studies - aetiology, assessment and treatment of the whole range of psychological disorders irrespective of age group and setting - biological influences on individual behaviour - studies of psychological interventions and treatment on individuals, dyads, families and groups