A community-based study: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its complications in rural population of Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Background: In last two-decade prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in India is increasing at higher rate and currently India is the Diabetic Capital of the World. Reliable and informative epidemiological evidence is vital to quantify impacts and predictors of disease and to facilitate formulation of prevention and control strategies. In North India particularly Uttar Pradesh the area specific data regarding diabetes mellitus is scarce. Objectives: Prevalence of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus and its associated risk factors in rural population of the Moradabad district. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted from October 2016 to October 2017 among adults in the age group of 30 year and above residing in Moradabad rural area. A two-stage stratified random sampling technique was adopted to achieve the desired sample size. In first stage, one ward was randomly selected from each group and in second stage; one village was selected randomly from each of the two wards. Result: The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was found to be 10.7%, it was 17.8% among males and 14.8% among females. 4.6% were newly diagnosed while the remaining 6.1% were known diabetics. In the present study statistically, significant association is observed between prevalence of diabetes mellitus with age, socioeconomic class, BMI. A significant correlation was found between diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. Conclusion: There is a need for continuous screening program and lifestyle modifications to timely detect and intervene in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Behaviour change communication strategy should take a vital role in improving lifestyle of the community as most of these risk factors are modifiable.