Research progress of circular RNA and its roles in hematological malignancies

国际输血及血液学杂志 Pub Date : 2018-11-20 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-419X.2018.06.011

A. Sun, Guangsen Zhang

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Abstract

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a group of widely existed endogenous non-coding RNA. Its main structural feature is closed covalently cyclic loops and lack of the 5′-end, the 3′-end, and poly (A) tail, which resistant to degradation by RNA exonucleases and avoid debranching by adenylate debranching enzymes. Therefore, circRNA is stable in structure and function. Recent researches have revealed that circRNA mainly participates in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation, especially acts as microRNA (miRNA) sponge to regulate target gene expression as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA). circRNA is directly or indirectly involved in development of hematopoiesis in marrow and hematological malignancies, and is expected as a new diagnostic biomarker or molecular therapeutic target for hematological malignancies. In order to investigate relationships between circRNA and malignant transformation, therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of hematologic malignancies, this review summarizes the classification, characteristics, biological functions of circRNA and its role in hematopoiesis and hematologic malignancies. Key words: RNA, untranslated; microRNAs; Hematopoiesis; Hematologic neoplasms; Biological markers; circRNA

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环状RNA及其在血液恶性肿瘤中的作用研究进展

环状核糖核酸（circRNA）是一组广泛存在的内源性非编码核糖核酸。其主要结构特征是共价环闭合，缺乏5′端、3′端和聚（A）尾，其抵抗RNA外切酶的降解，避免腺苷酸脱支酶的脱支。因此，circRNA在结构和功能上是稳定的。最近的研究表明，circRNA主要参与转录和转录后调控，尤其是作为微小RNA（miRNA）海绵作为竞争性内源性RNA（ceRNA）调节靶基因表达。circRNA直接或间接参与骨髓造血和恶性血液病的发展，有望成为恶性血液病新的诊断生物标志物或分子治疗靶点。为了探讨circRNA与血液系统恶性肿瘤恶变、疗效和预后的关系，本文综述了circRNA的分类、特征、生物学功能及其在造血和血液系统恶性疾病中的作用。关键词：RNA，未翻译；微小RNA；造血；血液肿瘤；生物标志物；circRNA

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来源期刊

国际输血及血液学杂志

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10610

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Transfusion and Hematology was founded in September 1978. It is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of transfusion and hematology, supervised by the National Health Commission and co-sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University, and the Institute of Transfusion Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The journal is a comprehensive academic journal that combines the basic and clinical aspects of transfusion and hematology and is publicly distributed at home and abroad. The International Journal of Transfusion and Hematology mainly reports on the basic and clinical scientific research results and progress in the field of transfusion and hematology, new experiences, new methods, and new technologies in clinical diagnosis and treatment, introduces domestic and foreign research trends, conducts academic exchanges, and promotes the development of basic and clinical research in the field of transfusion and hematology.