Escritos médico-psicopedagógicos sobre a criança: os projetos de caderneta individual no século XX

Abstract

This article focuses on the projects of individual medical-pedagogical notebooks for children and their evolution. In the course of the twentieth century, numerous attempts were made to introduce a health record that would also take account of psychological and pedagogical data. They were initially aimed at school hygiene, but they were also deployed in the field of prophylaxis, in order to detect “abnormal” children, and later in the field of vocational guidance. The Second World War also produced a different approach, in terms of rationalizing the child’s health and psychological writings, seeking to take into account the events and what they may have caused in the child, without abandoning the old categories, linked to the biological. No doubt the novelties are to be found more in what we intend to entrust the medical and educational notebook to the children, but this parenthesis will soon be closed and finally fade away in the face of criticism of what is then considered to be social control.