ZnMnFe2O4 particle synthesized by natural iron sand for making permanent magnetic material

Abstract

Synthesis of ZnMnFe₂O₄ has been carried out using the co-precipitation method. The main precursors were stoichiometry with variations in the mass of Zn, Mn, and natural iron sand are 3:2:5 as sample 1, 3:2:4 as sample 2, and 3:4:3 as sample 3. The samples were calcination temperature of 500 °C for 2 h. The characterizations showed microstructure properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), morphology properties using Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and magnetic properties tested using a Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The crystal structure of ZnMnFe₂O₄ shows a cubic crystal structure as well as the main phase with no detectable impurities or other elements in the diffraction pattern. The effect of adding the composition of manganese to the sample shows that the value of the crystal diameter size increasing with the optimum value of 3.41 nm. The effect of material composition on the morphology of ZnMnFe₂O₄ is shown in the SEM-EDX results. As the composition of manganese and iron sand increases, the particle size distribution also increases with the optimum average particle size of 205–210 nm. The value of coercivity (Hc) of ZnMnFe₂O₄ decreases as the iron sand composition decreases and the manganese composition increases, but the value of the magnetic energy increases. The coercivity value is obtained with the optimum value of 415.78 Oe and ZnMnFe₂O₄ is to be potentially a magnetic permanent material.